摘要:

Pulmonary mechanics of anesthetized dogs were not changed or were minimally altered by breathing the following compounds as submicron aerosols in concentrations up to 17.3 mg/m3for 7.5 min: (1) sodium chloride (as a control), (2) sodium sulfate, (3) ammonium sulfate, (4) zinc sulfate, (5) zinc ammonium sulfate, (6) ammonium bisulfate, (7) aluminum sulfate, (8) manganese sulfate, (9) nickel sulfate, (10) copper sulfate, (11) ferrous fulfate, and (12) ferric sulfate. Submicron aerosols of these compounds in concentrations of 4.1–8.8 mg/m3, administered for 4 h to anesthetized dogs, did not affect mechanics of breathing, hemodynamics, and arterial blood gases. In conscious sheep, tracheal mucous velocity was not altered by exposure to the submicron aerosols of the sulfate compounds. None of these compounds, injected iv in a dose of 1 mg, had adverse effects on mechanics of breathing, pulmonary and systemic hemodynamics, or arterial blood gases. In 100‐mg injections, zinc sulfate and zinc ammonium sulfate produced a fall in cardiac output, systemic hypotension, hypoxemia, and metabolic acidosis. Copper sulfate at this dose produced pulmonary hypertension, a fall in cardiac output, hypoxemia, respiratory acidosis, and a decrease of specific total respiratory conductance. It is concluded that submicron aerosols of sulfate salts do not have adverse cardiopulmonary effects when administered in high concentrations for up to 4 h. However, prolonged exposure to high concentrations of zinc sulfate, zinc ammonium sulfate, and copper sulfate aerosols should be carefully monitored because of the possibility that lower levels of these compounds in the bloodstream for long time period might have adverse cardiopulmonary effects.

ISSN:0098-4108    

DOI:10.1080/15287398109530038

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Commercially produced oil furnace carbon black (Chemical Abstract Service Registry No. 1333–86–4) has been evaluated by five different assay for genetic activity. These were the AmesSalmonella typhimuriumreverse mutation test, sister chromatid exchange test in CHO cells, mouse lymphoma test, cell transformation assay in C3H/10T1/2 cells, and assay for genetic effects inDrosophila melanogaster. Limited cellular toxicity was exhibited but no significant genetic activity was noted.

ISSN:0098-4108    

DOI:10.1080/15287398109530039

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Accumulation of benzo[α]pyrene (BaP) by sexually mature flatfish gonad, its transfer to developing gametes, and its subsequent effects on developing embryos were studied. Thin‐layer chromatography revealed both unmetabolized BaP and polar metabolites in the ovary, wolffian ducts, oocytes, and semen of English sole 24 h after ip injection with 200 μCi [3H]BaP. Concentrations of BaP and its metabolites were 3–11 times higher in oocytes and semen than in gonadal tissue. Fertilized eggs from flathead sole that had been fed 4.0 mg BaP 5 h before spawning demonstrated a significantly lower (p < 0.001) hatching success (11.9%) than eggs from control fish (56.6%). Morphological abnormalities were found in only 1.6% of control embryos but in 5.6% of embryos from treated females.

ISSN:0098-4108    

DOI:10.1080/15287398109530040

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An isolated perfused lung (IPL) preparation was used to investigate the effects of SO2 (1–2 ppm) on the metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a ubiquitous potent carcinogen that has been associated with the increased incidence of human brochiogenic carcinoma in occupational and urban populations. [14Cj BaP, with and without crude air particulate (CAP), was administered intratracheally to the IPL in conjunction with SO2 or after pretreatment of the whole animal with SO2. Metabolites were isolated from serial blood samples up to 3 h after the administration of /14C/BaP to the IPL. Metabolites were also isolated from lung tissue, washout fluid, macrophage, and trachea and bronchi at the end of the perfusion at 180 min. Patterns of BaP metabolites were determined by thin‐layer and high‐performance liquid chromatography and liquid scintillation counting.

ISSN:0098-4108    

DOI:10.1080/15287398109530041

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Male Fischer rats were fed semipurified diets containing 0, 1, 100, and 1000 ppm benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) for 6 or 13 wk. Plasma samples were assayed for α‐fetoprotein (AFP) by a new sandwich‐type radioimmunoassay (RIA) utilizing a special controlled porous‐glass solid phase. This procedure is described in detail. Significant AFP elevation (p ≤ 0.01) was observed in the highest BaP treatment group after 5 wk of treatment. The 1 and 100 ppm BaP groups exhibited no AFP elevation throughout the study. Liver sections from the 1000 ppm groups had discrete γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)‐positive foci 10–20 cells in diameter by the 6th wk. GGT‐positive foci were not evident in liver sections from the other treatment groups. Thus a high level of dietary BaP appears to rapidly alter rat liver cells, indicating hepatic neoplasia.

ISSN:0098-4108    

DOI:10.1080/15287398109530042

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

MONITORING ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS AND SPECIMEN BANKING. Proceedings of the International Workshop, Berlin (West), 23–28 October 1978 Edited by N.‐P. Luepke, Martinus Nijhoff, Boston, 1979, xiii + 591 pp., $78.95

ISSN:0098-4108    

DOI:10.1080/15287398109530043

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0098-4108    

DOI:10.1080/15287398109530027

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor