摘要:

Female Wistar rats were exposed to various solvent vapors 8 h/d for 7 d. The leukocyte suspension and serum were prepared from peripheral blood and utilized for the determination of alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity with disodium phenyl phosphate as a substrate [leukocyte AP (LAP) and serum AP (SAP) assay]. While the exposure to benzene at 20 or 50 ppm did not cause significant changes in LAP activity, the exposure at 100 and 300 ppm resulted in a dose‐dependent increase of LAP activity up to more than 700% over the control. No further increase was observed at 1000 or 3000 ppm. Similar exposure at 300 ppm to either toluene, m‐xylene, n‐hexane, trichloro‐ethylene, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, or methyl alcohol did not induce any changes in LAP activity. Thus, the increase in LAP activity was considered to be specific to benzene exposure. When the animals were exposed to toluene (300 ppm) in combination with benzene (300 ppm), not only was the benzene‐induced leukopenia alleviated as previously reported, but the benzene‐induced increase in LAP activity was no longer observed. The parallel inhibitory effects of toluene on benzene‐induced increase in LAP and leukopenia suggest that a relation may exist between increase in LAP activity and leukopenia. No changes in SAP activities were observed in the rats under the exposure conditions examined.

ISSN:0098-4108    

DOI:10.1080/15287398609530954

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Phthalate esters are the most extensively used plasticizers in the manufacture of Polyvinylchloride (PVC) plastic. Many medical devices used in the collection and storage of blood components are made of PVC plastic containing di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). DEHP leaches at a rate of 100 μglml · d into platelet concentrate (PC) supernatant when PCs are stored in PVC containers. It is only possible to store PCs for 72 h in this DEHP plastic, after which time the platelet function has deteriorated and they cannot be used for transfusion therapy. Since it was desirable to find a container that permitted longer storage times and because of the concern for the toxicity of DEHP, new bags, manufactured with different plastic formulations without this ptasticizer, were tested for PC storage. Using these new containers, such as the PL732 [polyolefin (PO) plastic], and the CLX300 and PL1240 [tri(2‐ethylhexyl) trimelli‐tate (TEHTM) PVC plastic], it was possible to store PCs for 5 d while preserving platelet function.

ISSN:0098-4108    

DOI:10.1080/15287398609530955

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0098-4108    

DOI:10.1080/15287398609530943

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor