ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1963

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects of lidocaine (Xylocaine) and procaine amide on arterial pressure, myocardial contractile force, and ventricular excitability were studied in 12 patients undergoing cardiac operations. Both compounds resulted in an increase in the stimulation threshold of the ventricle during diastole and neither caused a significant change in the duration of the absolute refractory period. Lidocaine, in doses of 1.0 to 2.0 mg./Kg., produced no significant circulatory depression but every patient given procaine amide (2.0 or 4.0 mg./Kg.) evidenced a fall in arterial pressure and a decrease in the contractile force of the right ventricle. These physiologic observations and clinical experiences with the use of lidocaine indicate that it is an effective antiarrhythmic agent and that it is preferable to procaine amide in the management of ventricular arrhythmias that occur during and following cardiac operations.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1963

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The metabolism and particularly the decarboxylation of methyldopa were studied in hospitalized patients with uncomplicated hypertension. Both unlabeled and radioactive drugs were employed in these studies. Absorption from the intestine, as indicated by plasma levels of the drug and recovery of radioactivity in urine, was shown to be incomplete. The drug disappeared from the plasma with a half-time of less than 2 hours. On the average, about half of the radioactivity administered orally as 2-C14-methyldopa could be recovered in the urine. That portion not excreted in the urine appeared in the feces. Urinary excretion of radioactivity was rapid and essentially complete within 24 hours.Confirming previous studies with DL-α-methyl-dopa, the major urinary excretory products of L-α-methyl-dopa (methyldopa, Aldomet) were found to be the drug itself and conjugates thereof. Small fractions appear as other metabolites, the most significant of which is the decarboxylated derivative, αmethyl-dopamine. The pharmacologicallyinert D-isomer of α-methyl-dopa was found not to be decarboxylated. Alpha-methyl-dopa hydrazine was shown to reduce significantly the excretion of α-methyl-dopamine during treatment with methyldopa but the effects of the latter drug on blood pressure were not altered. On the basis of unchanged urinary excretions of vanilmandelic acid, decarboxylase inhibition during treatment with methyl-dopa was judged to be inadequate to inhibit endogenous synthesis of norepinephrine.The relationships between metabolism of the drug and clinical response are discussed. The hypothesis is presented and defended that the hypotensive effects of methyldopa are mediated by amine metabolites of the compound, which are formed following its decarboxylation. Probably norepinephrine depletion is the final denominator but other possibilities exist.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1963

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Selective retrograde femoral catheterization with cinefluorographic visualization of the major extracranial cerebral vessels has been carried out in 35 patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency. Examples of partial and complete arterial occlusion have been illustrated. Selective retrograde catheterization avoids the hazards associated with the percutaneous injection of the arteries supplying the brain. Cinefluorography has demonstrated alterations in flow associated with occlusive disease and physiologic maneuvers. Although the combination of selective catheterization and cinefluorographic visualization of the extracranial cerebral circulation has certain limitations, it has proved to be a valuable diagnostic tool.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1963

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1963

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An operative procedure for the creation of an aorticopulmonary artery anastomosis with use of a Teflon prosthesis was developed.After laboratory trial in animals, the operation was performed in six patients varying in age from 2 months to 14 years. In all but one instance the shunt remained patent. The longest observation in dogs is 1½ years. In this animal the shunt has remained open and there has been no evidence of pulmonary or cardiac embarrassment.One child, 5 years of age, has lived 10 months after the operation. He has had marked improvement in his cyanosis and clubbing, his hematocrit value remains less than 50 per cent, and he is generally well.The operation should carry no more risk than a Blalock-Taussig or Potts procedure and is thought to be another, perhaps better, method for increasing pulmonary blood flow in cyanotic infants and children.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1963

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1963

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1963

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1963

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In 60 patients with congenital heart disease 210 observations with hydrogen gas as an indicator for left-to-right shunts were recorded at cardiac catheterization. All but nine had other definite evidence of the presence or absence of left-to-right shunting. In these nine, 21 early hydrogen arrival times formed the only conclusive evidence of left-to-right shunting.Although hydrogen and oxygen may form a highly explosive mixture, pure hydrogen used with proper precautions is a safe, reliable, and extremely simple indicator, eminently suited as a rapid screening procedure or as a supplementary tool in cases in which left-to-right shunts are difficult to prove.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1963

数据来源: OVID