摘要:

The correlation of the clinical and postmortem findings shows that there is no close relationship between the syndrome of polyarteritis nodosa and the allergic states, that pain is the most common symptom, that congestive heart failure is the common cause of death. There is no consistent relationship of the symptomatology referable to the gastrointestinal, central nervous, and pulmonary systems to the pathologic lesions found. Above all, it is to be noted that although hypertension is one of the most frequent signs of polyarteritis, it may develop very late. Therefore, the rejection of this diagnosis because of the absence of hypertension will lead to error, as may the absence of eosinophilia and subcutaneous nodules.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1951

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Eighteen cases of disseminated lupus erythematosus were verified by postmortem study in a series of 19,242 autopsies. Shortness of breath was the most common complaint and occurred in 16. Fourteen of this number had definite cardiac pathology. All 16 had definite pulmonary pathology. Fourteen cases had abnormal urinalysis. Of these cases, 7 had elevated blood nonprotein nitrogen values of over 40 mg., and only 4 had hypertension. However, 14 cases had abnormal pathologic renal findings. Fifteen of the 18 cases had a skin lesion; 11 of the 15 were definitely of the lupus type. Hypochromic anemia was present in 17, leukopenia in 14, elevated sedimentation rate in all cases recorded and an elevated serum globulin in 9. The diagnosis is made by summation of the clinical findings; namely, shortness of breath, joint pains, skin rash, fever, pulmonary, cardiac, and renal abnormalities, and by the laboratory findings of hypochromic anemia, albuminuria, increased sedimentation rate, elevated serum albumin, presence of lupus erythematosus cells, and by a positive skin biopsy.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1951

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Needle biopsies of the liver were performed on 30 patients with heart failure and correlated with clinical features and biochemical liver function studies. Hepatic biopsy served as a useful adjunct to other methods in deciding the status of the liver in this group. Type of heart disease, degree of heart failure and length of heart failure could not be correlated with the observed histology. Neither history, physical examination, nor biochemical functional studies provided sufficient information to predict anatomy with certainty. A histologic diagnosis improved both therapeutic and prognostic perspective.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1951

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case of a 20 year old man with a large thymic tumor simulating a pericardial effusion is reported. This tumor, by its position, size and "fluidity," mimicked a pericardial effusion so well that it was only at surgery that a definitive diagnosis could be made. Upon removal of the mass recovery has been complete.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1951

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Anatomic variations of the orifice of the human coronary sinus now have practical significance since the advent of catheterization of the coronary sinus. Six main types of variation of the valve of the coronary sinus of 150 hearts are described. The difficulties encountered in catheterization of the human coronary sinus are probably due to obstruction offered by large membranes, bars and networks, and less frequently due to the presence of a large eustachian ridge. On the basis of this study, catheterization of the human coronary sinus should be possible in a maximum of 75 per cent of the cases.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1951

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The pulmonary vessels in 2 cases of cor triloculare with subaortic stenosis are compared. Each showed medial hypertrophy of the muscular arteries of the lungs. In 1 case concerning an 8 year old boy this class of vessels showed, in addition, severe intimal fibrosis. The arterioles were normal.It is emphasized that the changes in the pulmonary arteries are similar to those seen in the Eisenmenger complex, in coarctation of the aorta proximal to a patent ductus arteriosus and in the normal fetus. These conditions, though anatomically different from each other and from cor triloculare with subaortic stenosis, are functionally alike in that there is in each a common ventricular ejectile force for the pulmonary and the systemic circulations in the absence of stenosis in the major arterial pathways to the lungs.It is suggested that in cor triloculare biatriatum with subaortic stenosis, the structure of the pulmonary muscular arteries is, and that their function seems, similar to that of the fetus. The changes in the case of the malformation may be considered a carry-over from fetal life.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1951

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Physiologic findings obtained by cardiac catheterization on 29 patients with mitral valvular disease are discussed. Cardiac outputs, intracardiac pulmonary arterial and pulmonary pressures are determined during rest and exercise. It is shown that the resting cardiac output is reduced in all patients with mitral disease and that exercise results either in a fall or a small increase in the minute volume of circulation. The pulmonary artery and capillary pressures are elevated with rest and rise further with exercise. A clear differentiation by physiologic means between mitral stenosis and mitral insufficiency is difficult. However, in patients with mitral insufficiency the resting cardiac output is lower, the arterial venous oxygen difference is higher and exercise causes a greater fall in the cardiac output. A comparison is made between the physiologic manifestations of mitral disease and myocardial failure: the residual volume of blood of the right ventricle is usually increased in patients with mitral disease and failure and in myocardial failure alone. However, the right ventricular residual volume is normal in mitral disease without evidence of myocardial failure. The pulmonary vascular resistance in mitral disease is usually elevated. It is demonstrated that in a number of patients the pulmonary vascular resistance is not fixed since it decreases during exercise or following valvulotomy of the mitral valve.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1951

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The authors have studied the acute effects of the intravenous and intra-arterial injection of the sodium salt of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in man. Rapid injection causes a frightening sensation in the chest and hyperpnea. The changes found agree with those reported in cats and are consistent with the concept that adenosine triphosphate is a vasodilator in somatic structures but causes an increase in pulmonary vascular and possibly in splanchnic resistance. Its principal action seems to be pharmacologic rather than in its role as an intracellular metabolite.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1951

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We were unable to produce chronic arterial hypertension in dogs by severe cerebral ischemia induced by ligation of blood supply to the brain. Combining cerebral ischemia with the mechanical effect of a wire in the floor of the fourth ventricle and the thermal stimulus of heat generated in this wire by short wave diathermy resulted in hypertension that lasted as long as 10 months. Experiments are described which indicate that the arterial hypertension which accompanies increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure is in part the result of pressure on the brain and not entirely due to cerebral anemia.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1951

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Data on 16 patients with uremia are presented. The cerebral blood flow was moderately decreased in patients with generalized vascular disease, but was normal in patients with minimal vascular involvement. In both groups the cerebral oxygen consumption (cerebral metabolic rate in terms of oxygen consumption, CMRO2) was reduced significantly and to the same degree. In contrast, total body metabolism was not demonstrably reduced. These facts emphasize the vulnerability of the brain to uremia. There was poor correlation between the cerebral oxygen utilization and the patient's mental state. No correlation was found between the cerebral oxygen consumption and the blood nonprotein nitrogen, the carbon dioxide capacity, or the sodium, potassium or chloride levels.

ISSN:0009-7322    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1951

数据来源: OVID