ISSN:1064-7481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The constructs and suggested measures listed here are recommended for inclusion in clinical treatment trials of late-life depression to optimize the return on the significant effort involved in these studies. The suggested measures have shown utility in studies documenting outcomes in depression studies; however the measures listed are by no means to be interpreted as exhaustive. The authors propose that consistent use of a broad set of outcome measures will assist clinicians and policymakers in the identification of appropriate treatments for older, depressed patients.

ISSN:1064-7481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The authors screened 98 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease for visual hallucinations. Each patient with visual hallucinations was matched by cognitive score to two patients without visual hallucinations and compared on variables including visual acuity and visual agnosia. Eighteen (18.4%) of the patients were found to have visual hallucinations. Variables significantly associated with hallucinations included older age, female sex, decreased visual acuity, and presence of visual agnosia. Although having a history of visual disorder approached statistical significance, logistic regression analysis revealed that three variables: age, visual acuity in the “best eye,” and visual agnosia, correctly classified 91% of patients as hallucinators vs. non-hallucinators. This work supports a growing body of research showing a relationship between visual hallucinations and the visual system across a variety of disorders.

ISSN:1064-7481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The authors report on progress in the use of a two-channel, microprocessor-based electroencephalographic (EEG) device and the statistical strategy of prediction intervals for characterizing the normal limits of variability in cerebral state in older subjects and recognition of excessive change caused by mildly toxic medications. Prediction intervals for relative delta, theta, alpha, and beta power were calculated from repeated EEG measures on 54 medically stable elderly subjects. The authors subsequently evaluated the effects of diphenhydramine (25–75 mg) administered to 10 additional subjects. Significant drug-induced changes at the group level were apparent only in relative theta power. Significant change in relative theta power at the individual level was observed in five of nine subjects for whom data at 50 mg were available.

ISSN:1064-7481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study examined effects of nortriptyline and sertraline on the balance and stability of depressed geriatric inpatients. Body sway was measured with a stable force-platform at three timepoints: before starting antidepressant medication, 5–7 days after medication was initiated, and 1 week later. A group of healthy, unmedicated older volunteers was evaluated under the same conditions as patients. In sertraline-treated patients (n = 10), significant differences (P < 0.05) between baseline and the first week of treatment were found in the force-platform measurements of sway length (L) and area of the center of pressure (Ao), with patients' eyes both open and closed. This change in postural stability occurred in the absence of orthostatic hypotension. By the second week of treatment, neither variable was found to be significantly different from baseline. In the nonmedicated volunteers (n = 20) and in the group of patients receiving nortriptyline (n = 11), no significant changes in postural stability were found.

ISSN:1064-7481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Older black patients have higher levels of medical morbidity yet utilize nursing home services at lower rates than white persons. The authors hypothesized that older patients residing in nursing homes may differ clinically by race in ways that suggest new hypotheses about these differences. They compared clinical characteristics of a biracial, inner-city nursing home sample. No racial differences were found in prevalence of dementia-spectrum diagnoses. Depression was typically diagnosed more than twice as often in white patients, whereas black patients showed higher chronic medical illness burden. These results suggest that cognitive, medical, and psychiatric disabilities may interact differently in black and white patients to affect nursing home placement.

ISSN:1064-7481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The authors present four cases of physically aggressive behavior in geriatric patients with dementia managed with the use of valproic acid. There was improvement in the behavior in most patients; however it was frequently necessary to add a second medication for adequate behavior control, and the side effects were significant.

ISSN:1064-7481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1064-7481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1064-7481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1064-7481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID