ISSN:0893-2190    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Prior to the 1970s and the advent of Rho (D) immune globulin (RIG) for Rh negative women, hemolytic disease of the newborn led to morbidity, long-term disabilities, and mortality. Antepartum RIG administration has been a standard of practice since 1983. Yet, Rh isoimmunization (sensitization) and its sequelae have not been completely eradicated. Rh-related issues remain clinical challenges facing perinatal and neonatal nurses. Evidence for the administration of RIG prenatally and during the postpartum period is presented including controversies and challenges. Current information about fetal and neonatal care of erythroblastosis fetalis and immune hydrops is also presented.

ISSN:0893-2190    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Fetal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (AIT) affects only a small number of fetuses but the consequences may be devastating. Outcomes range from mild thrombocytopenia without signs or symptoms to intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and fetal or neonatal death. Antenatal screening is available but not used routinely in the United States. The most frequent method of AIT identification is its diagnosis in the neonatal period (index neonate). AIT may be diagnosed antenatally if an ICH is noted on routine obstetric ultrasound. There are accurate predictors of AIT, as well as antenatal therapies, to prevent the occurrence of severe disease and ICH.

ISSN:0893-2190    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Factor V Leiden, formed by a genetic mutation, disrupts the body's anticoagulation defense system. It was isolated as recently as 1994 as a risk factor for venous thromboembolism. Factor V Leiden has also been linked to preeclampsia, pregnancy loss, and fetal growth restriction. In addition, factor V Leiden has implications for women who are not pregnant. The most effective screening tool is a thorough personal and family history related to thrombosis. For women with a positive factor V Leiden screen, counseling regarding the risks of thrombosis is essential.

ISSN:0893-2190    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Thalassemia syndromes, hemoglobinopathies characterized by anemia secondary to genetic defects of hemoglobin, are the most common of the genetic blood disorders. The prevalence and severity of the thalassemia syndromes are population dependent, with the type of thalassemia seen dependent on racial background. The health care provider must recognize the woman at highest risk for thalassemia and initiate appropriate screening and diagnostic testing. The specific thalassemia dictates the potential maternal, fetal, and neonatal consequences of anemia, red blood cell dysfunction, and systemic oxygenation issues. This article discusses normal globin chain synthesis, diagnostic testing for thalassemia, plan of management, and implications for the woman and fetus.

ISSN:0893-2190    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Polycythemia and hyperviscosity of the newborn are well-known conditions that are surrounded by controversy. The patient population most affected by polycythemia is the term or near-term infant. The true incidence of this condition is not known since the majority of infants are likely to be asymptomatic, normal newborns. Diagnosis is largely based on hematocrit values and symptoms, which can range from subtle to severe, and not on measures of viscosity. Hematocrits are not routinely drawn in this population, most likely related to the controversy surrounding the treatment of the asymptomatic infant. Presenting symptoms may be subtle and are not always attributed to polycythemia. Knowledge of the etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical signs and symptoms may contribute to the early identification and treatment of infants with polycythemia and hyperviscosity syndrome.

ISSN:0893-2190    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The influence of phototherapy treatment during the neonatal period on sleep-wake rhythm, and its long-term effects on biological rhythms, was evaluated in preterm and full-term infants. Forty-three infants treated with phototherapy during the neonatal period and 47 untreated infants were examined for entrainment of sleep-wake rhythms between 16 and 52 weeks and for sleep-wake and saliva cortisol rhythms at 2.5 years of age. The age of sleep-wake rhythm entrainment was not significantly different between the 2 groups. No correlations between duration of exposure to phototherapy and corrected age of entrainment of sleep-wake rhythm were observed. At follow-up, no significant differences in sleep-wake and saliva cortisol rhythms were observed between the 2 groups, indicating that circadian variations were similar to those in adults.

ISSN:0893-2190    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0893-2190    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0893-2190    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID