ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1973.22.168.50

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractLet me say at once how much I appreciate the honour your Association has done me by inviting me to address you on the special occasion of your annual dinner. I like to think that you also wished to give me the opportunity of saying farewell to you as Director of Surveys, and I am indeed grateful for the kindness and the hospitality you have extended to my wife and myself this evening.

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1973.22.168.51

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA conformal (orthomorphic) mapping projection of the spheroid can be constructed to give minimum scale error over a given arbitrary area, and in this respect has an advantage over more regular projections such as the transverse Mercator or the Lambert conformal conic. Geodetic coordinates on the spheroid are first transformed into isometric coordinates, and the latter are then transformed into the rectangular cartesian coordinates of the desired projection by means of a polynomial expression in complex variables. The total distortion of the projection is expressed as the integral of the squared scale error over the given area. After fixing the values of the rectangular coordinates and of the meridian convergence at the origin of the projection, the remaining coefficients of the complex polynomial are adjusted to minimise the total distortion. This set of coefficients can be used directly in formulae to carry out the direct and inverse transformations between geodetic and rectangular coordinates, and to calculate the scale factor, the meridian convergence, and the geodesic curvatures of projected curves (including Ineridians and parallels) at any point. In the reduction of the observations of local surveys in rectangular coordinates, the minimum scale error property means that corrections to bearings and distances are often negligible, or if required they can be interpolated from small-scale contour maps.As an example, coefficients have been calculated for a projection designed to give minimum distortion over the land area of New Zealand, using a complex polynomial to order six. The range of scale error for this projection is about 4×10−4, less than can be obtained with any conventional projection.

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1973.22.168.57

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe paper documents the contemporary attitudes to and facilities for survey computations instruction based on a questionnaire distributed to universities in various parts of the world. Trends set off by the computer are discussed and also developments expected in the future.

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1973.22.168.72

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1973.22.168.79

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractIn order to solve a three-point resection problem on a desk computer without copying and reentering intermediate data we need a formula which will fit within the capacity of computer memory. Modern desk machines compute so fast that the time of execution of one formula as compared with another is of minor importance. In selecting the formula the most important consideration is how much space will be needed to program it.The formula recommended for this purpose is based on the well-known“Italian Method”. It uses no distances, azimuths, or inverse trigonometric functions. While it solves the problem on a plane, it can be extended to provide a solution in the geographic system.

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1973.22.168.80

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA short time spent using the instruments in the GEOmat range under field conditions has shown that the optics are of very high quality, and that the high degree of uniformity has several advantages. The lightness of the instruments and the new features described do however create doubts about the reliability of some new mechanical components, when the instruments are used for prolonged periods under adverse conditions. It will not be until such experience has been gained that it will be possible to say whether the introduction of the new features has been as successful as it deserves to be.

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1973.22.168.85

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractIn the early days of settlement in South Australia, Torrens proposed the now widely accepted Torrens Title System for control and registration of land ownership. The system called for fixed land boundaries which entailed traversing these boundaries with, at first a circumferentor and chain, and in later years a theodolite and chain. From the outset it was evident that a Gunter's chain was not suitable for the very long lines encountered, because it was too short and too easily caught by sticks and bushes along the boundaries roughly axed through the Australian Inland. Thus the minds of Australian surveyors of the last century turned towards finding a suitable replacement for their Gunter's chains and in due course the steel tapes now used for most cadastral and many engineering surveys in Australia and New Zealand came into being.

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1973.22.168.90

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1973.22.168.92

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1973.22.168.94

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor