ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1981.26.201.112

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of the asymmetry of the light path on simultaneous reciprocal vertical angles observed in the first 100 m above ground level at night is derived from standard formulae. The uses of these observations for determining the change in the component of deviation of the vertical, the average temperature of the air and the strength of an inversion layer between two observers is discussed. Their use for transferring height is also discussed and the results of a field comparison of levelling and angular observations corrected according to the derived formulae are given.

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1981.26.201.113

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1981.26.201.129

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA direct method for converting Conic to TM coordinates is discussed. The accuracy of the transformation, depending on the number of terms kept in the series expansion, is adequate for all purposes of graphical display of data. As a byproduct of that transformation a method of converting geographical into TM coordinates is derived. The formulae for that transformation are very convenient and the results they yield are sufficient for all graphical needs, but also adequate for various numerical problems encountered in geodetic practice.

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1981.26.201.130

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1981.26.201.136

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe Latin phrases aprioriandA POSTERIORIappear frequently in journals and textbooks which deal with surveying and photogramlnetry. Each of the two phrases can be used as either an adjectival or an adverbial phrase. They appear most often in connection with variance analysis of networks (geodetic, engineering or photogrammetric) but their importance as indicators of two fundamentally quite different kinds of knowledge is not often apparent from the context in which they appear in surveying literature. The purpose of this short essay is to attempt a general explanation of what the phrases mean in the hppe that their usage in a surveying context will lead to a better understanding of what is meant by survey measurements,“adjustments”and variance analysis.

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1981.26.201.137

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe parameters of position and direction, namely latitude, longitude and azimuth are often required in field surveying as well as on other occasions. Fortunately a precise mathematical relation between the three can easily be established in any astronomical triangle. The procedures for the independent determination of any of them are already well known. In [1] however, the author introduced a method for determining latitude from known azimuth and went further in [2] to explain how both azimuth and latitude could be simultaneously and rigorously determined from observed altitude.In this paper the procedure is advanced to simultaneously determine the three quantities frqm observed direction and time.Sun or star can be used depending on the accuracy required. For the tropics it is hoped that part of the midnight ordeal always present in Astrofix shall have been removed in many cases.

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1981.26.201.141

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1981.26.201.151

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1981.26.201.153

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0039-6265    

DOI:10.1179/sre.1981.26.201.156

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor