摘要:

AbstractA large number of resins have been synthesized by reacting cardanol, a constituent of cashewnut shell liquid, with formaldehyde and substituted aromatic compounds in the presence of acidic and basic catalysts. The resins have been characterized by IR spectra. They were shown to be selective ion exchangers for certain metal ions. A batch equilibrium method was used for studying the selectivity of the metal ions. The thermal behaviour of the resins has been studied and a plausible degradation mechanism has been suggested.

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1995.052330101

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPolystyrene has been modified through its acetylation into poly(styrene‐co‐vinylacetophenone) in a good yield. The obtained copolymer was then treated with tetrachlorosilane/ethanol reagent leading to the formation of triphenylbenzene units, either as crosslinking nodes or as pendent groups, and silyloxy derivatives of the acetyl groups attached to the styrene units as well as some unreacted acetyl groups. The percentages of the composition of all products were determined as well as silicon cont

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1995.052330102

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe protein fouling phenomenon was investigated on modified polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes. The sulfonation degree was correlated to the extent of deposition of bovine serum albumin. It was shown that membranes prepared from modified polysulfone were less fouled than their off‐charge analogues. The fouling phenomenon was also investigated for membranes prepared from co‐cast blends. It was demonstrated that blends containing more than 50 wt.‐% of sulfonated derivative behaved like a membrane from pure sulfonated polysulfone. The effect was attributed to surface separation of polymers and formation of surfaces enriched with sulfonic g

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1995.052330103

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVarious UV‐curable acrylated urethane prepolymers based on tolylene‐2,4‐diisocyanate (TDI), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG 400), and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were synthesized. The effects of reactive diluent types, the composition of the products and of different humidity conditions on mechanical properties of cured films were investigated. Effects of diethylene glycol diacrylate (DEGDA) and thiodiethylene glycol diacrylate (TDGDA) as reactive diluents on tensile strength, elongation and Young's modulus values of the UV cured films were examined systematically. The results show that the increase of relative humidity from 50 to 95% leads to a decrease in tensile strength and Young's modulus values of polymeric films. The decrease of these mechanical properties in high relative humidity is due to the formation of hydrogen bonding in the polymer chain caused by water mo

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1995.052330104

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAls Modell für die Gelcoat‐ oder Topcoatschicht eines glasfaserverstärkten Laminates wurden dünne, planparallele Platten definierter Dicke aus zwei Gelcoatharztypen (Isophthalsäure‐Neopentylglykol‐ (UP) und Phenacrylat‐Harz (PHA) auf Basis von Bisphenol A) gegossen, und es wurde der Einfluß der Unterhärtung sowie der Harzverdünnung mit Styrol auf die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit dieser Platten untersucht. Die Harzverdünnung führt in beiden Fällen zu einem evidenten Anstieg der Permeationskoeffizienten P. Die Unterhärtung (Aushärtungsgrade um 97%) und anschließende Extraktion des nicht auspolymerisierten Styrols läßt beim UP die Permeabilität von Wasserdampf ebenfalls ansteigen, beim PHA wurde dagegen ein leichtes Sinken des Permeationskoeffizienten verzeichnet. Die Ergebnisse werden im Zusammenhang mit den Unterschieden in der Kinetik der Aushärtungsreaktion be

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1995.052330105

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUne cellule de photovieillissement artificiel et accéléré est aménagée pour étudier le comportement de polyméres, en présence de sueur artificielle. Un copolymére d'éthyléne et d'acétate de vinyle (EVA) est soumis à un photoviellissement dans cette cellule. Parallélement, le photovieillissement est réalisé sans sueur artificielle afin de comprendre le rôle de ce substrat. Des études similaires sont également conduites sur cet EVA contenant des stabilisants lumière.L'évolution chimique est suivie par spectrométrie IR‐ATR au voisinage des surfaces directement irradiées ou immergées. La comparaison des résultats obtenus selon les différentes voies fait principalement ressortir une combinaison des effets de la photooxydation et de l'hydrolyse, l'activation de l'hydrolyse par l'irradiation et l'action efficace des stabilisants lumière vi

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1995.052330106

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBlends composed of polystyrene (PS) and polyvinylchloride (PVC) are incompatible due to unfavourable interactions. Consequently, their mechanical properties such as impact strength and elongation at break are only very poor. The key to successfully influence the properties of such heterogeneous blends lies in the control of the interface. High interface tensions and an insufficient phase adhesion often lead to coarse phase morphologies which are thermodynamically and kinetically unstable. However, with radically synthesized, tailor made block‐graft copolymers P(S‐b‐(B‐g‐CHMA, MMA)) based on a styrene/butadiene two‐block copolymer P(S‐b‐B) which are grafted with poly(cyclohexylmethacrylate) (PCHMA) or poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), the phase morphology can be markedly refined and the blends surprisingly show ductile behaviour. Thus, the impact strength of so modified PS/PVC 1 : 1 blends is about ten times higher than in the unmodified case and is thereby similar to impact modified PS.Electron microscopy (SEM, TEM) reveals that the modified PS/PVC blends owe their improved mechanical properties to the interface selectivity of the block‐graft copolymers and therefore to a superi

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1995.052330107

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNew poly(amideimide)s (PAI) containing aliphatic diamines as comonomers were synthesized by polycondensation of trimellitic anhydride chloride with mixed diamines. Preliminary results of copolymerization with various alicyclic diamines suggested that isophoronediamine (IPDA) is more preferable as a comonomer for PAI. The copolyamide imides with IPDA showed that IPDA is more rigid than mbisaminophenoxydiphenylsulfoneSystematic name: 4,4′‐Sulfonylbis(1,3‐phenylenoxy)dianiline.(m‐BAPS) and 4,4′‐diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA), but less than m‐phenylenediamine (m‐PDA). And they showed good mechanical properties with 105 ∼ 118 MPa of tensile strength and Tg's were ranged 232 ∼ 301 °C depending on molecular weight and comonomers. The solubility was improved due to the aliphatic character of IPDA in the copolymers. Rheological properties were also improved compared with conventional PAI. The melt viscosity of the copolymers ranged 1.6 · 103∼ 2.1 · 103Pa · s, thus, the reported PAIs may be considered to be new candidates for melt processable high‐pe

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1995.052330108

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUnsaturated alcohols and glycols bearing carboxylic groups were synthesized from maleic anhydride (MA) and alcohols with 2 or 3 hydroxy groups. The halfester monomers were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy and were used for the preparation of urethane macroionomers and urethane acrylate graft copolymer latices. Obtained polymers were characterized by solubility and mechanical tests.

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1995.052330109

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMit Kaliumcarbonat als Aktivator werden aus Hochamylosestärke (HAS) mit überschüssigem Acetanhydrid bei Reaktionszeiten von 1 – 2 h in hohen Ausbeuten Produkte mit hohen Durchschnittssubstitutionsgraden (DS) erhalten.In N‐Methyl‐2‐pyrrolidon können HAS mit stöchiometrischen Mengen Acetanhydrid und mit nichtflüchtigen starken organischen Basen wie 4‐Dimethylaminopyridin oder 1,4‐Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octan als Katalysatoren in Reaktionszeiten von weniger als 1 h und in hohen Ausbeuten zu Acetaten mit DS<2

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1995.052330110

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY