摘要:

We are now in 1992, the year of the‘Completion of the Internal Market’. Big changes in the ways in which medical devices will be controlled in Europe are on the way, but many healthcare professionals are unaware of these changes and what they will mean to them. This article explains the moves that are now under way to harmonize medical device legislation throughout Europe and the many features, new to the UK, that they will introduce.

ISSN:0309-1902    

DOI:10.3109/03091909209021971

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Skin-electrode impedance was determined at 100 Hz and 1 kHz between two disposable electrodes, 5 cm apart, at current densities<65μA. cm-2. Measurements were made on the volar skin of the forearm during cooling on cardiopulmonary bypass, and on the dorsum of the foot in the absence of skin blood flow during aortic aneurysm repair. Both the resistive and reactive components of the skin-electrode impedence showed an inverse linear relationship to temperature between 26 and 36°C. The magnitude of the impedance change was different for each patient studied; resistance changes ranged from 0.03 to 23.2 kΩ.°C-1at 100 Hz and from 0.03 to 2.7 kΩ.°C-1at 1 kHz, while reactance changes ranged from 0.4 to 2.1 kΩ.°C-1at 100 Hz and from 0.04 to 0.18 kΩ.°C-1at 1 kHz. Changes in skin-electrode impedance were not due to changes in skin blood flow. There was no consistent change in offset potential with temperature. Although the skin-electrode impedance increases as temperature falls, it is concluded that temperature effects at the skin-electrode interface are not responsible for the observed failure of evoked electromyography during clinical monitoring of neuromuscular function.

ISSN:0309-1902    

DOI:10.3109/03091909209021972

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The accuracy and reproducibility of a new non-contact sensor for monitoring skin temperature was examined. Thirty measurements taken by the device were compared with those taken by a commonly used thermocouple contact sensor. The result was a very high correlation coefficient (r= 0.9999). This accuracy was achieved with the probe held at an angle of 90°1 cm from the skin. Changes in angle and distance were found to contribute to measurement error. Little difference was found between 39 pairs of measurements taken of the left and right sides of subjects. However, intra-subject variability was noted with respect to the dermotomal segmental fields. Inter-tester reliability analysis resulted in a correlation of r = 0.937 involving two independent testers and 26 pairs of measurements. These preliminary data will be used for power calculations to study further the device which we found to be simple to operate, portable, and practical for routine clinical use. This sensor may have applications in the diagnosis of nerve and vascular disorders and in prospective monitoring of skin conditions such as bony areas at risk of pressure ulcers.

ISSN:0309-1902    

DOI:10.3109/03091909209021973

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

There are compelling clinical advantages in being able to monitor, simultaneously and continuously, blood oxygen saturation and tissue perfusion from the same volume of tissue. We describe the design of a new instrument capable of combining both functions. It uses a laser diode at 805 nm to give a blood flow index and oxygenation information at that wavelength, and a pulsed LED at 660 nm to complete the estimation of oxygen saturation. By using a compensating photodetedor these readings can be made relatively insensitive to sampling site. After calibrating the instrument on forehead sites it reliably read the oxygen saturation of sites on the thigh with a bias of—0.2% and a precision of±1.7% relative to an IL 282 CO-oximeter.

ISSN:0309-1902    

DOI:10.3109/03091909209021974

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A circuit for an evoked eleclromyogram simulator is described, which produces a biphasic triangular waveform similar to the evoked compound action potential seen during clinical quantitative neuromuscular monitoring. The device can produce a fading train of-four sequence, which can be controlled using a single externally-derived voltage. The simulator is useful for bench-testing of closed loop muscle relaxant administration systems, and for leaching aspects of neuromuscular monitoring in anaesthesia.

ISSN:0309-1902    

DOI:10.3109/03091909209021975

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0309-1902    

DOI:10.3109/03091909209021976

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0309-1902    

DOI:10.3109/03091909209021977

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0309-1902    

DOI:10.3109/03091909209021978

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Pressure Soredlinical Practice and Scientific ApproachEdited by D. L. Bader. Macmillan Press, Basingstoke. 283 pp. ISBN 0-333-461 78-9.Fundamentals of Biomechanics, Equilibrium, Motion and DeformationBy N. Ozkaya and M. Nordin. van Nostrand Reinhold, New York. 1991. 390 pages. Price£51.

ISSN:0309-1902    

DOI:10.3109/03091909209021979

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0309-1902    

DOI:10.3109/03091909209021980

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor