摘要:

AbstractThe study reported in this paper uses discourse analysis to better understand heterosexual adults' accounts of condom use. It is suggested that discursive constructions of what it means to use a condom in a relationship may constrain or facilitate particular behaviours within particular contexts. Analysis of interview transcripts revealed that respondents framed their accounts of condom use almost exclusively within a marital discourse. This discourse constructs marriage as a condition incompatible with condom use and positions married respondents in such a way that they feel unable to request safer sex from their spouse. The concept of ‘trust’ was identified as a key component of the discourse. Respondents' constructions of ‘trust’ are fundamentally different from those found in AIDS education materials. The paper discusses the implications of these findings for AIDS ed

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050202

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper seeks to describe and examine the concept of coping in the context of two chronic and debilitating conditions commonly occurring among older age groups, namely strokes and the two main dementias of Alzheimer's Disease and Multi‐infarct Dementia. Using behaviour problems as the focus, carers described the various ways in which they tried to cope. The results suggested that coping could be considered in two main ways. First, there were general orientations or philosophies of coping with caring, not necessarily related to particular behaviour problems—these were described as ‘strategies’ of coping (Active‐involved, Non‐confronting, and Value coping). Second, there were coping responses directed at specific behaviour problems—described as ‘tactical’ coping and considered in the paper at a descriptive level but also in terms of a possible typology. Some implications of this work for clinical interventions are considered and it is suggested that there may be a need to obtain more descriptive data on coping, and relate this to specific outcome indices, before advocating specific cop

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050203

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTheory and research on social support have paid little attention to the existence of important macrosocial variables determining level and content of social relationships. This study examines variations in social integration as a function of social class and residential area characteristics. Results for 234 subjects living in high and low risk neighbourhoods indicated that differences between higher and lower social class groups follow different patterns in different residential areas. Also, same social class position appeared to have different significance as a function of residential area characteristics. The levels of three social integration measures—community integration and satisfaction, community association and participation, and contribution in community organizations—were significantly higher for lower class in low risk neighbourhoods than in high risk ones. However, significant differences were found in only one measure for higher social class groups, with higher levels of community association and participation in high risk neighbourhoods than in low risk ones. The discussion examines a ‘social impoverishment’ hypothesis for high risk environments, and proposes possible protective factors for higher status residents. Relations between formal and informal sources of support, and implications for social intervention strategies are also con

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050204

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper draws on the personal experiences of part of a research project where the original methodology was flawed and needed to change to properly encompass the lives and experiences of the people who the research was for, namely users of mental health services living in supported housing. The change in methodology involved a recognition that the research could not be termed ‘value‐free’; that researchers are not objective. It is argued that it was important to demonstrate that the information obtained in the research was ‘valid’, and that despite the subjective nature of the research, there are steps that can be taken to convince others that the information received is ‘real’. It is further argued that the traditional approach to research of separating theory (or knowledge) from practice was not only inappropriate in this sort of research, but is a false notion in any sort of action research that aims to promote change. The importance of the influence and power of service providers in action research is recognised, as well as the constraints placed on short‐term funded projects. It was important for the methodology to be non‐oppressive so that researchers adopted an open and honest approach and for researchers to become involved with the research participants. The implications of this ‘involvement’ are discussed. There is a concluding discussion about whether non‐users of mental health services can be considered as allies in research. It is argued that all oppressed groups need their allies and if the research is led by basic human values, then working alongside people who depend on services can lead t

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050205

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050206

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050207

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050201

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY