摘要:

AbstractThe present study examines proximal and distal factors associated with the use and non‐use of illegal substances within a sample of 860 teenagers in North Wales. Arguing that there is predictive utility in expanding the traditional ‘users vs non‐users’ design dichotomy, four groups are identified —resistantandvulnerablenon‐users andexperimentalandrepeatedusers. ‘Person’ variables (life satisfaction, deviance, hopelessness and drug‐related attributions) appeared to primarily differentiate thevulnerablegroup from theirresistantcounterparts and identify this, as yet non‐using group, with user samples. It is suggested that these variables might represent ‘risk’ factors for illicit substance use and that the group design employed suggests they precede, rather than follow as a consequence of, illicit drug use. Like theirresistantcounterparts however, thevulnerablegroup are differentiated from user samples on some lifestyle and context indices. It is argued that these represent ‘protective’ influences in an otherwise at‐risk group of non‐users. Variables associated with an escalation of illicit drug use are discussed in considering the differences between theexperimentalandrepeateduser groups. Apart from the more proximal factor of drug‐related attributions, ‘person’ variables appeared less involved here.Repeatedusers did however, tend to use a greater number of drugs, have a greater proportion of friends who also used illegal substances and significantl

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050402

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPersonality assessment has a great impact on the outcomes of the selection interview. Women are perceived to have personality characteristics which are different from men. It is doubtful whether these sex stereotyped personality characteristics are based on real differences in verbal and nonverbal behaviour between men and women. Previous studies have shown the influence of sex stereotypes on interview‐outcomes. In this study, the relationship between verbal and nonverbal behaviour of male and female applicants and their personality assessment has been investigated. Results show that males and females are assessed stereotypically based on their sex, but also based on their behaviour. For females, a feminine or masculine assessment is of special importance for her chance of selection. The less feminine is a woman's assessment the more likely she is to be accepted as an eligible candidate by the selection board. These accepted women show ‘female’ behaviour as well as ‘male’

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDespite the recognition that the stress‐buffering effect of social support may in part be due to its relation to locus of control, no study on women's roles to date has considered both locus of control and social support in the prediction of psychological functioning. The present study was intended to test the three‐way interaction between job‐role quality, locus of control and support in relation to two measures of women's psychological well‐being (happiness and symptoms of distress). This study was based on cross‐sectional data.In the English sample of 109 employed women, the results provided evidence of the threee‐way interaction between job challenge, locus of control and work support in predicting happiness. Neither locus of control nor work support independently moderated the effects of job challenge. However, locus of control and work support combined interactively to moderate the impact of job challenge on happiness. As predicted, support interacted with job challenge only for internals; no such interaction effect was observed for externals. For distress, no significant interactio

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBased on the ecological scale of Maloneyet al. (1973, 1975), the present study is aimed to test the relationship between environmental attitudes and behaviour in a more rigorous manner. In doing so, 552 Hong Kong citizens were interviewed and several salient findings were generated. First, along with what is proposed by literature, verbal commitment was found to be the most immediately relevant predictor for one's self‐reported actual environmental behaviour. Second, when compared between knowledge and affect, the latter was noted to be far more powerful in explaining the self‐reported actual environmental behaviour. This highlights that the government should rely more on emotional than cognitive appeal for spelling out environmental messages. Lastly, the findings also suggested the inclusion of other non‐attitudinal factors for predicting the environmental beha

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050408

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050409

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450050401

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY