摘要:

The interpretation given in the subject article to the incidence of negative correlations between the durations of adjacent speech segments, viz., that they show evidence of temporal compensation, is criticized. It is shown that the negative correlations are most likely due to measurement error and to the author’s normalization of the duration of his test utterances.Subject Classification: [43]70.40, [43]70.70, [43]70.20.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.380926

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1976

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

In our recent work on speech analysis and resynthesis, we have been using predictor (LPC) derived area functions to describe the spectrum of the acoustic signal. It has been found that small changes in the value of these parameters do not affect the speech quality. If the acoustic signal is indeed overspecified by these parameters, then bit reduction is achieved by specifying the data less often, at fixed or varied intervals, or with less accuracy; however, we have chosen a scheme where less frequent sampling of the parameters is determined by the properties of the speech mechanism. We have found that if the boundaries of the steady‐state portion of the phonemes are found, the steady‐state portions, as well as the transitions between the phonemes, can be represented by straight lines. This method allows for the description of the acoustic signal with two sets of points per phoneme. Numerous sentences have been encoded by this method, and the resulting sentences do not sound differently from the sentences from which the data were derived. Such a scheme could be used for a rule‐synthesis scheme, as well as for segmentation of speech in speech recognition schemes.Subject Classification: [43]70.50, [43]70.40.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.380927

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1976

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A sea lion (Zalophuscalifornianus) was trained to report the presence of a pure tone under water in a yes–no psychophysical procedure. The payoff matrix was varied by altering the probability of fish reinforcement [P(SR)] contingent on two classes of response—hits and correct rejections (CR). TheP(SR‖Hit) and theP(SR‖CR) were 1.00, 0.75, 0.50, and 0.25. In baseline, bothP(SR‖Hit) and theP(SR‖CR) were = 1.00. In the asymmetrical payoff matricesP(SR) was held constant at unity for one response and varied over three values for the other response. Thus, seven different payoff matrices were used. The sea lion showed rapid acquisition of a stable response bias independent of its ability to detect the underwater auditory signal. These results demonstrate that varying reinforcement probability is functionally equivalent to varying amount of reinforcement in the control of response bias in underwater signal detection by sea lions [see R. J. Schusterman, B. Barrett, and P. Moore, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 57, 1526–1532 (1975)].Subject Classification: [43]80.50, [43]80.60.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.380928

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1976

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.2180997

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1976

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.2181016

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1976

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.2181017

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1976

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.2033194

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1976

数据来源: AIP