摘要:

Summing computer technique was employed to study the relationship between sensation level and phons, and peak‐to‐peak (N2‐P2) voltage of the auditory evoked response at different frequencies. The relationship of the frequencies 125, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 Hz was studied at five intensities (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 dB) by sensation level and by phons. There has been some controversy as to whether the power law, a straight line in double logarithmic coordinates, is a better fit than a linear relation between the voltage of theN2‐P2peak amplitude and decibels (sensation level and phons). Our observations, however, led us to believe that the linear relation is the more accurate fit. The data also revealed a marked decrease in slope of the function from 500 to 8000 Hz. Slope ranged from 1.1 at 125 Hz to almost none (constant) at 8000 Hz. Peak‐to‐peak amplitude ranged from 3.8 μV at 20 dB to 8.9 μV at 100 dB for 500 Hz, to only 1.6 μV at 20 dB to 3.4 μV at 100 dB for 8000 Hz. The consistent growth in peak‐to‐peak amplitude with each increase in sound intensity at the low frequencies did not maintain above 2000 Hz. At 8000 Hz, for example, the average amplitude ofN2‐P2was less at 100 dB than at 80 dB. As also reported in an earlier study, a consistent decrease in the peak‐to‐peak amplitude was observed under both conditions as the frequency was increased.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1911881

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1969

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Microphonic potentials were recorded from guinea‐pig cochleas with differential electrodes placed into the first and third turns. Distortion components of(n+1)fl−nfh(particularly2fl−fh) andfh±flwere studied as a function of frequency separation between the primaries and as the function of primary intensities. The conclusion is drawn that all distortion components in the cochlear microphonic behave alike, that is, there is no fundamental distinction between the properties of2fl−fhandfh−fl. Some properties of the interference phenomenon are also examined in this study. It is suggested on the basis of the present results on distortion in cochlear microphonics and those in the literature treating subjective measures of distortion, that the role of microphonic potentials in the peripheral transduction process should be re‐examined.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1911882

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1969

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A Békésy audiogram for a 5‐msec tone signal repeated once per second was obtained over the frequency range 100–10 000 Hz. The audiogram was repeated with a 100‐msec masking tone preceding the signal by 10 msec. The masking tones were presented at 20 100‐dB sensation levels (SLs). The results show that 250 and 500 Hz produce no masking at 20 dB, but the greatest over‐all masking, without sharply defined maxima, occurs at higher SLs. Maskers of 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz produce masking at the 20‐dB level. At the low levels, there is a clear peak at the masking frequency; but as the masker level is raised, this peak begins to shift to increasingly higher frequencies, although it never reaches the second harmonic.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1911883

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1969

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The temporary threshold shifts (TTS) produced by exposure to pulsed monaural and pulsed alternate binaural high‐intensity stimuli (105 dB sensation level, 1 kHz) were compared in 7 subjects (6 male, 1 female). All subjects showed greater TTS for monaural exposures than for binaural, except in three cases out of 21 (six experimental conditions). However, monaural and binaural TTS were found to be significantly different (0.01 level) in only one instance of the three paired conditions.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1911884

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1969

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

In order to compare lateralization and the detection of noise‐masked signals under conditions of antiphasic masking, subjects were instructed to indicate the lateral displacement of signals presented at five levels of signal‐to‐noise ratio. The signals were 500‐Hz 100‐msec bursts of tone heard in a wide‐band noise mask. A “likelihood ratio” analysis of lateralization data allowed a direct comparison between detection based on lateralized differences and detection obtained in a standard two‐interval forced‐choice detection experiment. It was found that the measure of detection based on lateralization is nearly the same as that actually obtained in the conventional detection experiment.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1911885

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1969

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Performance of nine subjects was investigated over ten 90‐min vigilance sessions. Trends in performance over and within sessions were examined in terms of three dependent measures: (a) correct detections, (b) errors of commission, and (c) theory of signal detectability (TSD) indicesd′ and β. The results indicate that: (1) TSD accounts for performance over sessions but is inadequate in accounting for within‐sessions decrements unless basic tenets of the theory are altered. (2) Performance decreases within sessions for the first 30 min, regardless of practice. (3) Within sessions decrements may be accounted for by assuming either a decrease in the observer's activation level, a distracted mode of observing, or both.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1911886

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1969

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Preliminary experiments were performed on the discrimination of interaural time and the discrimination of interaural amplitude for lateralization images both on and off the midline, using a common set of subjects and a common experimental configuration. The results are compared with some previous work on interaural discrimination and time‐intensity trading and with the prediction of the EC model relating interaural time discrimination to interaural amplitude discrimination.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1911887

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1969

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The purpose of the study was to test auditory discrimination of a modulated frequency. Two hundred subjects participated in the study representing second graders, fifth graders, eighth graders, eleventh graders, college non‐music majors (juniors), junior music majors, graduate music students, and School of Music faculty, respectively. The stimulus frequency was F♯ (369.99 Hz), which was presented to subjects individually in 15 randomized 30‐sec trials in three catagories: (1) without frequency alteration; (2) ascendingly; and (3) descendingly. Modulation for the ascending and descending tones was 2 cents/sec during the last 25 sec of the stimulus tone. Results of the study indicate that: (1) Auditory discrimination is partially a function of age as well as of music training; (2) comparatively, younger subjects respond to tonal stimuli “incorrectly and sharp” while older subjects evidence “better discrimination while demonstrating a proclivity toward flatness”; (3) perception of the modulated frequency is best during the first 5 sec (10 cents) of frequency change; and (4) auditory tests that attempt to assess discrimination should control for guessing as well as for directional, i.e., up‐down, propensities.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1911888

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1969

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

In aYES‐NOsignal detection task, the observer's performance can be represented by an ROC curve. In a free‐response task, an ROC curve cannot be plotted because the observation interval is not defined. However, if the responses can be partitioned into hits and false alarms, then the observer's performance can be represented by an FROC curve, which possesses many of the properties of an ROC curve. FROC curves are obtained from a single observer in a vigilance task to demonstrate its use.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1911889

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1969

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This study investigates the probability of detecting binaural beats as a function of the frequency of the standard signal used (f1) and of the dichotic frequency difference(|f1−f2|). The present findings indicate that the upper frequency limit for the perception of binaural beats depends upon the dichotic frequency differences employed, the psychophysical procedure used, and the criteria for a beat threshold. The probability of beat detections was maximal at 500 Hz, and decreased as frequency increased up to 1500 Hz. No reliable pattern of beat detections was observed above 1500 Hz. Binaural beats were obtained with both “fused” and “nonfused” dichotically presented signals. Implications for a general model were discussed.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1911890

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1969

数据来源: AIP