摘要:

On January 18, 1973, S. Smith Stevens, Professor of Psychophysics at Harvard University, died at the age of 66. A last‐minute change was made in the program of the 85th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America to include a session in Stevens's honor. The texts of the four papers outlining Stevens's contributions to science as researcher, philosopher, and educator are published here. The April 1973 issue of this journal contains an obituary by Hallowell Davis that tells more about Stevens's life.Provost Walter A. Rosenblith of the Massachuseits Institute of Technology served as Chairman of the session. His opening and closing remarks are presented in the following paragraphs.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.2143416

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1973

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper discusses the contribution of Stanley Smith Stevens to science, particularly in the realm of sensory psychology.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.2143417

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1973

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper reviews the significance of Stanley Smith Stevens's role as a teacher.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.2143418

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1973

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper discussed the contribution of S. S. Stevens to the field of physiology.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.2143419

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1973

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Stevens pushed Bridgman's operational definition beyond the observed to include the observer.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.2143420

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1973

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The transmission of airborne sound between two rooms coupled by a panel is investigated. At low frequencies individual modes in the rooms and the panel control the transmission. It is shown that resonant modes in the room are the chief cause of frequency‐dependent variations in low‐frequency sound insulation. When the reception room has a dominant resonant mode the insulation is small or even negative. Similar behavior occurs when the panel has a dominant resonance but these effects occur at very low frequencies and if the panel is damped may not occur at all. A method is described by means of which the probable behavior of a given panel/room system can be predicted. General conclusions about the likely behavior of panels constructed of a range of materials are given.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1914340

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1973

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The minimum audible angle underwater was replicated with a less intense stimulus (26 dB vs 40 dBre1 μbar) and in this instance the diver/subjects wore no neoprene hood. The data obtained in the present study were compared with the earlier data [S. H. Feinstein, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 53, 393–399 (1973)] and no differences were noted. Moreover, the MAA procedure appeared to be a reliable measure of localization capacity when tested under extremely different environmental conditions.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1914341

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1973

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The effects of an interference tone on frequency discrimination of a brief tonal signal were investigated. The interference tone was 500 msec in duration and the same intensity as the signal. Changes in frequency discrimination were measured as a function of signal duration, the frequency separation between the interference tone and signal, and the temporal delay between the two. Both ipsilateral‐ and contralateral‐interference conditions were investigated. The addition of an interference tone significantly degraded preformance in only one condition: 10‐msec signal, trailing interference tone delivered to signal ear. For all other stimulus configurations, frequency discrimination was unaffected by the presence of the interference tone. These data are generally consistent with analogous sensory masking effects characterizing backward and forward masking and do not support cognitive‐perceptual models of pitch and recognition.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1914342

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1973

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The fluctuations in amplitude and phase characteristic of narrow bands of noise are discussed in relation to the difference limen for the center frequency of such bands of noise. Two models are elaborated: a temporal model on which pitch is derived from the time pattern of nerve impulses, and a “place” model in which pitch is derived from the patterns of excitation on the basilar membrane. These models predict how the difference limen for center frequency will vary as a function of the bandwidth of the noise. The temporal model predicts certain effects for very narrow bands of noise which would not be expected on the “place” model. The predictions from the two models were tested using bands of noise synthesized by the addition of a large number of sinusoids. These bands of noise had an essentially rectangular spectrum. The results conform with the predictions of the temporal model for center frequencies of 2 and 4 kHz, and with the predictions of the “place” model for a center frequency of 6 kHz. It is concluded that the pitch of pure tones and very narrow bands of noise is determined primarily by a temporal mechanism for frequencies up to 4 kHz, and that at some frequency above this a “place” mechanism becomes predominant.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1914343

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1973

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This study investigated the degree to which masking level differences (MLDs) obtained by six normal‐hearing subjects during simultaneous masking continue to be manifest during the forward masking that follows termination of the masker. Thresholds for 500‐Hz probe tones of 745 msec were obtained in quiet and in a 1000‐msec narrow‐band noise centered at 500 Hz. Probe tones were increased to as much as 945 msec when forward masking was measured. The interaural conditions compared were SmNm, SmN0, SmNπ, S0N0, SπNπ, S0Nπ, and SπN0. MLDs obtained during simultaneous masking were comparable to those reported by earlier investigators. The same hierarchy among interaural conditions characterizing simultaneous masking persisted during forward masking for about the first 5.5 to 7.5 msec. Thereafter, the two antiphasic conditions (S0Nπ and SπN0) continued to exhibit modest MLDs. These were observed even at the longest postmasker interval (Δt= 200 msec) employed, where the mean MLD was 3.3 dB. Forward masking does not appear to represent merely the residuum of processes occurring during simultaneous masking. Instead, nonidentical neural processes which are at least to some degree central in origin seem involved in two masking phenomena.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.1914344

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1973

数据来源: AIP