摘要:

An introduction to the papers presented at the Plenary Sessions of the 50th anniversary meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 11–15 June 1979.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.384623

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1980

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The early workers in every science were in general animated by an urge to communicate their findings and thoughts to like‐minded enthusiasts. Hence arose the desire to form scientific societies, an important aspect of the so‐called scientific revolution of the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. No one can question the beneficial role the great scientific academies of Europe played in all branches of science in the stimulation of theoretical, observational, and experimental research and its practical applications. Our own time has seen an enormous proliferation of scientific societies, many of them dedicated, as has been said, to the encouragement of learning more and more about less and less. The founders of the Acoustical Society of America were very wise in insisting that the Society should encompass the whole body of the science of sound, a very old discipline that makes an impact on human experience more profound and varied than almost any other worthy of the name scientific. As the Society completes its first half‐century, we can assert with some assurance and without undue smugness that it is successfully fulfilling the purpose laid down in its charter, namely, ’’to increase and diffuse the knowledge of acoustics and promote its practical applications.’’ The past is secure. The future cannot be otherwise than bright.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.384595

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1980

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper reviews work on the assessment of the damaging effect of noise on man’s auditory system, the degree to which the auditory system interacts directly with the autonomic system of the body, noise as the sole or contributory cause of general (nonauditory) physiological and psychological ill health in communities, and the effect of noise on general health in industry.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.384636

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1980

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

There are many psychological factors which cause differences of human response to the same level of sound energy. Nevertheless, experiments have allowed these factors to be understood, at least to the extent where policy decisions can be made. The results show that increasing levels of noise increase annoyance, probably increasing the general arousal or excitability of the nervous system. This gives changes in performance which are sometimes detrimental, but not by any means always. Annoyance is associated with psychiatric ill‐health, but increases in noise do not appear to increase the proportion of people with such illness.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.384481

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1980

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper discusses changes in attitude toward the nature of speech during the past half century. After reviewing early views on the subject, it considers the role of speech spectrograms, speech articulation, speech perception, messages and computers, and the nature of fluent speech.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.384620

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1980

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper reviews acoustics in human communications in terms of room acoustics, music, and speech.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.384628

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1980

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper reviews research during the past 50 years on the relation between acoustical behavior, mainly velocity and attenuation of sound, and the properties of gases, liquids, and solids.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.384594

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1980

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This is a brief survey of the role of physical acoustics in exploring the superconducting and more particularly the superfluid state. The nature of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th sound, and ways in which they are used to measure superfluid properties are described.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.384585

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1980

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper briefly reviews research progress during the past 50 years in physiological and psychological acoustics. Special attention is paid to the physiology of the auditory system, sound conduction in the ear, cochlear mechanics, masking, auditory localization, psychoacoustic behavior in animals, speech perception, medical applications, coupling between psychophysics and physiology, temporal aspects of sensory attitudes, and ecological acoustics.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.384502

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1980

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper briefly reviews progress in research on specific applications of acoustic radiation during the past 50 years. Among the topics discussed are the following: underwater ultrasonic detectors, the ultrasonic interferometer, use of ultrasonics in the nondestructive testing of metals, acoustics delay lines, improvements in the materials used in ultrasonic transducers, surface wave devices, acoustic emission, use of ultrasonics in the study of internal friction and fatigue in metals, and the ultrasonic microscope.

ISSN:0001-4966    

DOI:10.1121/1.384503

出版商:Acoustical Society of America    

年代:1980

数据来源: AIP