摘要:

The American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) requires directors of internal medicine residency programs to rate their residents in overall clinical competence and its essential components. In the study reported here, the authors investigated the relationships among these ratings and compared them with the residents' performance on the ABIM's certification examination in the years 1980 through 1985. The ratings of the individual components of clinical competence were correlated moderately with examination performance and very highly with each other. The individual components that were less dependent on medical knowledge (for example, interpersonal skills or humanism) had slightly smaller correlations with examination performance. The ratings of overall clinical competence were also related moderately to examination performance. Changes in the pattern of the ratings over time indicated that fewer candidates were receiving lower ratings while more were receiving higher ratings. The pass rates for each rating level were the same or lower; for example, the pass rate for candidates rated 5 was 68 percent in 1980 and 56 percent in 1985. The similar ranking of examinees by the program directors and the examination provides evidence for the validity of the examination.

ISSN:0022-2577    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In the study reported here, medical residents were surveyed to determine their patterns of educational indebtedness, the effects of debt on their decisions about training and career, the frequency with which they begin making loan payments during training, the extent to which they moonlight and the reasons for doing so, and their opinions about the effects of moonlighting on house staff training. A total of 223 residents from four residency programs were surveyed; 181 responded. Most (86 percent) had educational debt (mean = $20,500), and more than half of those with debt were making loan payments. Forty percent of the residents moonlighted, and moonlighting was related to the presence of educational debt, monthly loan payments, and number of dependents.

ISSN:0022-2577    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Teaching the fundamentals of ambulatory medicine has many well known difficulties. An education program with specific topics covered and modeled after continuing medical education programs for practicing physicians was instituted for residents in a university hospital clinic and was evaluated. The program was effective in improving the residents' knowledge, in enhancing their attitudes toward the clinic, and in improving their performance of influenza vaccinations. No adverse effects of the program were found. This approach, in which a curriculum is carefully defined and participation of the house staff is required, makes the ambulatory medical education process more accountable for what is taught.

ISSN:0022-2577    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The authors report two years of experience in the recruitment and retention of minority physician assistant students and the employment patterns of graduates from one physician assistant program. Recruitment strategies increased the proportion of minority students to 54 percent in the first year of the program and to 44 percent in the second year. The number of years of postsecondary education and clinical experience acquired by the minority students before admission to the program tended to have less impact on their performance in training than did their prior completion of formal academic degree programs and prior level of clinical responsibility. Attrition was higher for the minority students than nonminority students, and the minority students took longer than nonminority students to complete the program. The rates at which the students passed the certifying examination of the National Commission on Certification of Physician's Assistants were comparable for the two groups. Minority graduates tended to practice in areas of health manpower shortage.

ISSN:0022-2577    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A primary function of family medicine teaching centers is to provide residents with ongoing experiences with patients and their families. A critical issue in maintaining a stable patient population for such teaching is patient satisfaction. In the study reported here, the authors examined the factors determining patients' satisfaction. A questionnaire was mailed to a representative sample of 10 percent of the patients in a family practice in a family medical center. Seventy-eight percent of the sample responded; these respondents were representative of the sample population. Four variables were identified as significant in determining the patients' satisfaction: whether the patients felt that the time spent with their identified family physician was adequate and that the physician's explanations regarding their health care and the teaching program were clear; whether the patients felt comfortable in expressing their concerns about the teaching program to the permanent staff members; whether the patients had a positive attitude regarding the teaching program; and whether the patients felt that their identified family physician was available to them.

ISSN:0022-2577    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Lecturers in a medical biochemistry course were evaluated by medical students with respect to overall impression and seven specific characteristics expected to predict overall impression. Each lecturer's ratings were subjected to stepwise multiple regression analysis to identify the characteristics that best accounted for the students' overall impression. The results were fed back to the lecturers, and each lecturer was subsequently interviewed. The interviews revealed that 60 percent of the lecturers had not correctly interpreted the analysis. Half of the lecturers expressed interest in improving their performance, and 20 percent of the lecturers requested specific, detailed guidance in overcoming problems. The author concludes that multivariate analysis of student ratings can generate feedback specific enough to guide teacher improvement but that it is essential to present the information to the faculty in conjunction with individual discussions.

ISSN:0022-2577    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Few studies have addressed the variables that affect physicians' practice behavior in treating alcoholism. In the study reported here, the authors hypothesized that alcohol-related training and experience would influence practice behavior more significantly than attitudes or knowledge. In order to assess the most important predictors of practice behavior, the authors conducted a survey of 163 junior and senior medical residents at five training hospitals affiliated with Harvard Medical School. Of these residents, 123 responded (75 percent). Negative attitudes toward alcoholics and knowledge of alcoholism were not significantly related to the residents' estimates of the prevalence of alcoholism among their patients, to their rate of treating alcoholic patients, or to their rate of referring patients for alcoholism therapy. There was a significant relationship between having supervised clinical experience in alcoholism and these three behaviors. These results are consistent with the authors' hypothesis that changing physicians' practice in treating alcoholics may be best achieved by providing relevant clinical experience in alcoholism.

ISSN:0022-2577    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The stress of medical education and its consequences are widely recognized and acknowledged. However, many students may be reluctant to seek help for stress-related problems because they are concerned over the ramifications such a decision may have on their career opportunities. The purpose of the present study was to determine the extent to which an applicant's history of having received psychological counseling for stress-related problems influenced residency program directors' perceptions of such applicants seeking admission to residency programs. Five hundred twenty-three residency directors in six medical specialties (pediatrics, internal medicine, family medicine, psychiatry, obstetrics and gynecology, and surgery) rated a hypothetical residency applicant. The student's gender and history of psychological counseling were manipulated, but their basic qualifications remained constant. The directors rated the likelihood that they would invite the student for an interview and accept the applicant for the residency. Analysis of variance showed that the directors in pediatrics, family medicine, and psychiatry viewed the hypothetical applicant more favorably overall than directors in internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, and surgery. The program directors rated female applicants more favorably than their male counterparts and had a strong bias against inviting for an interview or accepting into their programs students who had a history of psychological counseling. Implications of these findings are discussed.

ISSN:0022-2577    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

No abstract available.

ISSN:0022-2577    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

No abstract available.

ISSN:0022-2577    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID