摘要:

AbstractThe structure of turbulent jet diffusion flames. This review considers recent developments in the description of kinetic effects in turbulent jet diffusion flames without swirl. The model of laminar flamelets is introduced, which allows description of effects far from chemical equilibrium – for instance local quenching phenomena. A similar solution is given for the equations governing round jet flames. Finally, relations for the mean chemical reaction rate and the formation rate of NO are derived. The article concludes by mentioning recent investigations on flame stabilit

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330551002

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNon‐ferrous metals in construction of equipment and plant. The use of copper, copper/nickel alloys, highly corrosion resistant NiMo alloys, titanium, zirconium, and tantalum is described with the aid of examples. Brief mention is also made of the corrosion‐resistance of the above materials of construction. It is shown that a plate design of pressure vessels has economic and technical advantages over a solid design. Properties and working of plated composite materials are considered. An account of the lining of large‐scale chemical reactors with copper‐plated sheets is also provided with actual examples. The quality of production of tube mountings is described in the case of titanium heat exchangers, paying particular attention to drift attrition behaviour, reduction of wall thickness, and tube welding procedures. Tube fixing in heat exchangers made of NiMo28 is briefly me

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330551003

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNew types of sensors for determination of classical quantities. A description is given of those innovations in the field of flow, pressure, temperature, and level sensors which have appeared during the last ten years, and which have given satisfactory results on use in process engineering. Flow measuring methods are dealt with in particular detail because of their special significance. Finally, the report deals with semiconductor and ceramic sensors.

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330551004

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractKinetics of coal pyrolysis as a foundation for the design of technical reactors. The pyrolysis of coal is understood to mean its thermal decomposition at temperatures above 300°C, affording tar and char. It is the basic process underlying coking and the starting reaction of combustion, gasification, and hydrogenation. In addition, pyrolysis offers a means of converting coal into gases and liquids in a „third way”︁ besides gasification and hydrogenation. In order to establish a basis for the design of relevant technical reactors, the kinetics of coal pyrolysis has been investigated as a function of temperature and rate of heating and recently of pressure under inert gases and hydrogen. In particular, the rates of formation and the yields of liquid and gaseous products and the alteration of the solid matter have been examined under pressures ranging from 1 to 100 bar and at rates of heating between 0.05 and 1 000 K/s. It is shown how product formation can be controlled by these parameters and how the experimental data can be applied to reactor

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330551005

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330551006

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330551007

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330551008

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330551009

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330551010

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330551011

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY