ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330510302

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAbsorption and absorbers.In physical and chemical absorption, a gas is taken up in a liquid. Absorption methods are employed in particular in the production of synthesis gases and for the purification of gaseous effluents. The phase equilibrium is the essential deciding factor regarding the applicability of this method and its costing. A suitable absorber must be chosen, taking into account the properties of the gas and the liquid, and optimized for economic operation. Absorption processes and absorbers are briefly reviewed.

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330510303

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCosting of equipment and plants – possibilities and limitations.The costing of individual items of equipment and of complete plants differs considerably with respect to design as well as to the accuracy and time‐requirement of the calculation method. These calculations are included in the usual way in economic evaluations of plants in order to assess the overall profit situation of a plant project. Numerous publications on this subject have appeared in recent years. They are evaluated in this report with reference to the abovementioned aspects. Besides the cost‐precalculation methods used in project engineering, a few systematic costing methods are proposed for the planning‐, erecting‐ and operating‐period of a plant. This facet of the subject is also critical

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330510304

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSignificance of safety engineering data for the choice of safety measures against gas, dust, and thermal explosions.Safety engineering data of relevance in the recognition of potential danger from gas, dust, and thermal explosion are described and their predictive value in plant design is interpreted. A brief discussion of possible safety measures leads into questions of their applicability on the basis of various criteria such as product behaviour, product properties, processes, and plant location. These considerations show that, and how, the variety of product behaviour can be described by a corresponding variety of safety engineering data, and how conclusions for the correct application of safety measures can be drawn therefrom. The tabular presentation should facilitate recognition of important properties and the application of the various safety measures.

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330510305

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTechnological state and chances of fluidized‐bed firing for the generation of heat and power from coal.Fluidized‐bed firing provides one of the few possibilities of putting the longterm generation of power and heat from coal on a new technical and economically more interesting footing. It is distinguished, in particular, by being readily rendered ecologically unobjectionable at relatively little extra cost. Research and development in this sector have made enormous progress in recent years, both in the Federal Republic of Germany and world‐wide. This development must visualized, both from the technical and from the economic point of view, as taking place at four levels, the technological state and the economic chances having to be assessed separately. These levels are as follows: (1) Combustion of residues in fluidized‐bed firing; (2) district heating based on fluidized‐bed firing; (3) fluidized‐bed firing in heating stations and heating power stations. An introductory outline of the process engineering principles is followed by a stepwise account of the technical and economic aspects at these

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330510306

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStudies on the operating characteristics of pulsed packed‐columns for liquid/liquid extraction.The dependence of capacity limit and extraction efficiency on the operating conditions, the properties, and the packing material is illustrated with the aid of experiments on two test mixtures in pilot plant columns. The direction of mass transfer has a large influence on the capacity limit and extraction efficiency. From the practical point of view, the operating characteristics of pulsed packed‐columns provide the chemical engineer with reference data for the estimation of column dimensions and rational planning of pilot plant experiments. Methods for the precalculation of capacity limits and extraction efficiencies of pulsed packed‐columns are reported in the literature. A comparison of the results obtained by these methods with the experimental data indicates the feasibilities and limits of such a calcul

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330510307

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWet separation of fine dusts and aerosols.Wet scrubbers are frequently employed in the chemical industry for the separation of fine dusts and aerosols from gas streams. In order to choose the most suitable apparatus for a given purpose from the numerous scrubbers available, 35 wet scrubbers of differing construction were examined on full and pilot‐scale regarding separating efficiency and operating behaviour. According to their flow conception, the scrubbers can be divided into five fundamental types, providing an almost automatic classification according to separating efficiency. The experimentally determined degrees of fractionation used as apparatus‐specific parameters are discussed and a relation between separation efficiency and specific power consumption is presented. The particular requirements of such apparatus in the chemical industry are outlined with the aid of some operational examp

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330510308

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBubble column reactors.Bubble columns and their state of development have been reviewed on numerous occasions in recent years. As an extension, this paper deals with bubble column reactors from an industrial point of view. The numerous forms of construction and modes of operation in industry can be reduced to relatively few fundamental types. Since the computerized design of bubble columns is presently restricted to a few partial processes, experience in the choice of a particular type column still plays an important role. The article deals, inter alia, with reactors (gas distribution, gas‐ and liquid‐feeds, gas separation, heat extraction), selection criteria for construction and for operating conditions, practical experience, and some specific forms of operation. Some problems still requiring scientific investigation are outli

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330510309

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330510310

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330510311

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY