ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330701102

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1998

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330701103

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1998

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThermodynamic Fundamentals of Reactive DistillationReactive distillation means the simultaneous implementation of reaction and distillation in a counter‐current column. The effective phase equilibrium is very complex since the chemical equilibrium is superimposed on the vapor liquid equilibrium. The paper focuses on the calculation and presentation of this equilibrium using so called reactive distillation lines. This leads to a clear explanation for the existence of reactive azeotropes and to a simple method for the determination of the concentration of these azeotropes. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated on several mixtures with different reaction mechanism

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330701104

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1998

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVisualisation of Flow with the Aid of TexturesMany new methods of flow visualisation have been developed in recent years. One of the most promising approaches is the visualisation of flow with the aid of textures. Textures are graphic structures containing directional information. They can be calculated with the Line Integral Convolution (LIC) algorithm developed by Cabral and Leedom, according to which pixel‐oriented random entry fields are convoluted along integral lines. This paper uses the LIC algorithm for texture generation. Known procedures for texture generation and for spatial representation of textures are considered and extended by the authors' own work. Textures are compared with traditional approaches, which use flow lines and vector arrows for flow visualisation, and evaluated. In their presentation of the topic the authors use a easily comprehensible representation which the user can readily reproduce rather than an exact mathematical‐statistical analysis of texture generat

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330701105

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1998

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExploring the Data World: How Can We Extract the Maximum Information from Product and Process Data?In various areas of the chemical industry a wealth of product and process data of various kinds is generated and recorded. In the majority of cases these data have only been evaluated fragmentarily and not systematically in terms of their information contained. Following the acquisition and possible short term visualization they end up in regular “data graveyards”. Furthermore, these data often stem from different sources such as distributed control systems (DCS), laboratory information and management systems (LIMS), or shift logs. There is a great potential for an improvement of product quality, process control, and plant safety, as well as for a reduction of inspection costs in the compilation and systematic analysis of these data. In addition to classical statistical methods, new data analysis techniques are increasingly used. After a brief explanation of the procedure used in data analysis projects and a presentation of several methods, an example illustrates which results can be obtained from an approach to data analysis that is not yet widespread in the process indus

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330701106

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1998

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330701107

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1998

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330701108

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1998

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330701109

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1998

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330701110

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1998

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330701111

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1998

数据来源: WILEY