ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330611002

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractComparison of laser with electron beam welding. International industry requires products of the highest technical standards thus requiring application of the technologically most efficient and most economical processes. For this reason, the electron beam and laser welding processes are becoming more and more important. To provide a workpiece‐relevant basis for deciding which technique should be used the following aspects will be investigated: generation of the beam, beam guidance systems, welding processes, application and power ranges, process controls, and equipment for industrial use. Finally a tabulated comparison should facilitate a detailed distinction between the two technique

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330611003

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330611005

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPyrolysis of biomass. Alongside combustion and gasification the pyrolysis of biomass can be looked upon as an attractive alternative for the production of gas and oil. Special procedures using very short pyrolysis times lead to extensive (app. 80%) conversion of wood, for example, into organic liquids. Because of their very high heat‐ and mass‐transfer rates, fluidized bed processes are predestined for this purpose. Longer residence times at higher temperatures raise the overall gas yield and exert a positive effect on defunctionalization of the oil compounds. Apart from the production of charcoal, the pyrolysis of biomass has so far not been run economically, however. The situation will become quite different as soon as this method of disposal itself attracts major attention. In this respect, the pyrolysis of sewage sludge shows considerable promise as a thermal process, because heavy metals can hardly be eluted from the pyrolysis residue and in addition good fuel gases and useful oils are produ

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330611006

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBiosensors – Sensors for biotechnology?Increasing analytical requirements are to be expected in biotechnology, diagnostics, and environmental protection as a result of increasing product purity demands and the need to satisfy legal requirements. Biosensors are suitable for some of these purposes. The present review discusses the principal types and properties of such sensors in order to compare them with other sensors for the same purpose. It is seen that biosensors in combination with equipment having automated sample preparation and calibration can serve to overcome shortfalls in managing the increased analytical requirements for a number of substance

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330611007

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractComputer aided design of chemical plant.The effort necessary for computing and design of a chemical plant as well as the preparation of documentation has increased. This is a result of the growing complexity of process design in order to satisfy economic criteria and more stringent safety and environmental requirements. The available time is limited. CAD is one of the tools that assists the plant designer by solving all these requirements. Even at the very beginning of the development of digital computers, their possibilities in graphics electronic data processing were recognized. Since the 1970s, CAD has been utilized in plant design. The use of two‐dimensional or three‐dimensional CAD software is possible. In most cases this is done by using self‐contained dedicated solutions. The integration of the applications promises an increase of productivity. To reach this aim a database management system (DBMS) may be useful. DBMS is also useful as an interface to other computing tools like FEM‐ or process flowsheeting programs. The development of the soft‐ and hardware domain has reached a level of sophistication which makes the economic utilization of CAD possible. Nevertheless, much work still remains t

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330611008

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecovery of low‐molecular organic compounds from complex aqueous mixtures by extraction.This article considers the recovery of alcohols, aliphatic and aromatic carboxyl acids, amino acids, and penicillins from complex media as well as the separation of chemically similar compounds by extraction from complex mixture

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330611009

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330611010

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330611011

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330611012

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY