摘要:

AbstractEnvironmental protection, a task of chemical engineering. The environmental burden in air and water in Germany is surveyed. The terms “eco‐unobjectionable technology” and “disposal technology” are then considered with the aid of examples. These are fundamental chemical engineering approaches for reducing or eliminating environmental burdens due to industrial production processes. “Ecounobjectionable processes” are those in which undesired pollutants are not even formed, i. e. when possible emissions are eliminated at source. If this is only partly possible, or impossible, then disposal measures are adopted. This means removal of unavoidable pollutants from waste gases and waste water, and the disposal of

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330521202

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFlooding point of liquid‐liquid countercurrent columns. Calculation of the column diameter for given volumetric flow rates of the raffinate and the extract phases requires a knowledge of the flooding point. A simple flooding point diagram is presented which contains the rise or fall rate of an individual drop as intermediate quantity. The principal experimental results from the literature obtained in countercurrent columns with and without introduction of energy by rotation and pulsation are compared with the flooding point diagra

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330521203

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWet air oxidation – Present‐day technology. Wet air oxidation is a process of flameless “incineration”, especially of organic compounds, in an aqueous phase with air or other oxidants at relatively high temperatures and pressures. Existing applications such as the sanitizing of sewage sludge, processing of sludges from pulp production, and regeneration of activated charcoal are described. At present, waste water purification by wet air oxidation is being propagated. Difficult degradation of some pollutants enforces the use of temperatures up to 330°C and pressures up to 250 bar. The high investment costs for such plants, which require materials like titanium or hastelloy to handle corrosive wastes, often result in higher operating costs than with other methods, in spite of low energy consumption. Once the effectiveness of existing plants has been proved, especially regarding corrosion problems, rising demands for waste water purification may render wet air oxidation increasingly i

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330521204

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNew bioreactors for aerobic processes. After a brief survey of the necessity of developing new reactor types, the bestknown reactors are classified into three types according to the method of introducing energy. All these reactors consist of few constructional units, of which only the dispersion systems will be considered. In all the dispersion units, gas dispersion in the range of interest in practice is by a turbulent mechanism. Thus the dispersion units can be compared directly with one another. It is shown that the efficiency of the dispersion units depends upon the properties of the turbulence generated thereby.

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330521205

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330521207

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330521208

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330521209

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330521210

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330521211

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0009-286X    

DOI:10.1002/cite.330521212

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY