摘要:

Five monozygotic twin pairs were submitted to a 10-week isokinetic strength training program and biochemical characteristics measured before and after training to determine the role of heredity in skeletal muscle adaptation, while 5 unrelated sedentary subjects served as control group. Experimental subjects performed twice 3 series of 5 bilateral reciprocal alternating knee flexions and extensions at a velocity of 90 °/s 5 times per week. Before and after the training period, for each subject, the peak muscular torque output was measured at the same velocity and the vastus lateralis muscle was biopsied for biochemical determinations. No significant change was observed in the control group. Training increased peak muscular torque output by 24%. The activities of hexokinase, malate dehydrogenase and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase also increased significantly by 28, 26 and 38%, respectively. Interindividual variations in the response of these variables to training were noted but these were shown to be independent of the genotype. No overall effect of training was observed for oxoglutarate dehydrogenase activity (OGDH). However, changes were seen in individual pairs of twins and these were in opposite directions in some pairs compared to others, thus explaining the absence of a general training effect. Significant intrapair resemblance in the training response was present for OGDH (r = 0.76), indicating that the sensitivity to isokinetic strength training for OGDH was highly variable, not random and probably genetically determined

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153657

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

69 out of 2,304 Vietnamese males were found to be hemizygous carriers of the Gd– gene. The glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency had a polymorphic frequency in the Vietnamese population (0.0299). Genetic heterogeneity in G6PD was found – 3 G6PD variants were found among 13 G6PD-deficient males studied (G6PD Canton, G6PD Hanoi and G6PD Vin Fu). Two new variants were identified – G6PD Hanoi and G6PD V

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153658

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Eight Webb antigen Wb+ propositi, 2 in the same family, were found in testing 10,117 random blood donors in South Wales with anti-Wb serum. Family studies on the new propositi confirmed the Wb antigen to be inherited as an autosomal dominant character. Wb segregated independently from ABO, Rh, MNSs, K, Fy, Jk, and was not X- or Y-borne; for the first time Wb was shown to be independent of Lu. Wb antigen was destroyed by some proteolytic enzymes and by neuraminidase. Sera from 5,144 random donors were screened with Wb+ cells resulting in detection of 2 additional anti-Wb.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153659

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

4,902 Italians were typed for HLA-A antigens, 4,721 for HLA-B and 1,503 for HLA-C. The samples, which were composed of unrelated, healthy individuals born in Italy, were used for estimating HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C gene frequencies with the maximum-likelihood method. Different Italian regions showed significant differences in the HLA alleles, providing further evidence for the genetic heterogeneity of the Italian population. HLA gene frequencies place continental Italy and Sicily in a position which is similar to that of other Mediterranean populations, whereas the genetic isolation of Sardinia is quite evident. The most significant linkage disequilibrium values found in the Italian population (except for Sardinia) were in agreement with those observed in other Caucasian populations. The difference between Northern and Southern Italy and between continental Italy and Sardinia was emphasized by the linkage disequilibrium values and by the principal-component analysis as well.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153660

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Blood group (ABO, MN, Rh, CcDEe) polymorphisms are reported here for 4 strictly endogamous subcastes of Andhra Brahmins. The coefficient of gene differentiation calculated from the gene frequencies is 0.87% demonstrating that only a small fraction of the total gene diversity is attributable to the differences between subcastes. In spite of the strict endogamy for the past 10–14 centuries, 99.13% of gene differentiation exists within the subcastes.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153661

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A sample of 465 persons from Eastern Sicily was studied for 11 red-cell enzymes, namely GLO, GPT, EsD, PGP, PGD, Dia, AcP, PGM, SOD, CAI and CAII. The allele frequencies were compared with those of other Italian populations and showed that the island is homogeneous with the mainland for these systems. The rate of heterozygosity was studied as a function of interparental distance; although high (0.77) the correlation did not reach significance.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153662

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Ten different population groups of Assam – Brahmins, Kalitas, Kaibartas, Rajbanshis, Muslims, Ahoms, Chutias, Kacharis, Karbis and Sandwals – have been typed for haptoglobin and for transferrin (Tf) and Gc subtype polymorphisms. Tf and Gc allele subtype frequencies show a considerable inter-population heterogeneity. From genetic distance analysis it appears that the populations under study form some distinct clusters, which can be explained by the historical and ethnic affiliations of these populations. Especially the distribution of Gc subtype alleles reveals some Mongoloid admixture among Assamese populations, which is reflected by the presence of Gc1A8 alleles in t

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153663

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The clastogenic effects of arsenic, lead and sulphur dioxide and the protective effect of selenium were studied in short-term lymphocyte cultures. The three agents selected are the major toxic substances in emissions from copper smelters. Cells from non-smoking, healthy individuals were exposed to individual agents and combinations of the four agents (sodium arsenite, lead acetate, sodium sulphite and sodium selenite) and the cells were analysed for chromosome aberrations and sister chromatide exchanges. Selenium showed an antagonistic (protective) effect against the other agents. No synergistic effects were found, and the interactions between arsenic, lead and sulphur dioxide were mainly antagonistic. These rather unexpected findings indicate that mixed exposure from copper smelters, and other mixed exposures where arsenic, lead and sulphur dioxide are involved, may cause less genetic damage than expected and that an adequate dietary supplement of selenium may reduce the genotoxic effects of these agents.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153664

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Gm phenotypes and the Km(1) allotype were studied in Tunisian patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A highly significant association was found between the Km(1) allotype and the NPC disease. Two rare Gm haplotypes, Gm(1, 17; 11, 15, 21) and Gm(1, 3, 5, 11), were found to be significantly increased among the NPC patients.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153665

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

BF phenotyping was performed in a population of Jordan. The observed allele frequencies were as follows: BF*S = 0.5457, BF*F = 0.3744, BF*SO7 = 0.0763, BF*F1 = 0.0075. These values are in agreement with the geographic position and the ethnic composition of Jordan.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153666

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger