摘要:

1,768 12- to 18-year-old boys, in pairs from five constellations (identical and fraternal twins, brothers, unrelated boys raised together and a random general population sample) were measured by the O-A (performance) personality battery on source traits UI 16, 17 and 19. Corrections were made for ages and test validities in computing observed variances. Nine equations were set up in the multiple abstract variance (MAVA) model giving expectancies from seven unknown abstract variances (genetic, threptic, and genothreptic covariances) with respect to observed variances. Maximum likelihood analysis showed that genetic or threptic contribution alone was unable to fit the data, and the best fit was given by a parsimonious form of MAVA dropping genothreptic correlations. Population heritabilities calculated on this basis were 0.46 for UI 16 (ego assertion), 0.21 for UI 17 (control, upbringing), and 0.50 for UI 19 (independence). When compared with an earlier study by the O-A, but by a different analysis, and with the same data analyzed by tho other methods, a reasonably consistent conclusion emerges that UI 17 is little inherited, while UI 16 and UI 19 are rather strongly inherited. The contribution of the behavior-genetic evidence to the theories about these source traits is discussed. It is concluded that UI 16 is initially in development a temperament factor, probably with physiological associations in metabolic rate, etc.; that UI 19 is a strong and sex-related temperament factor, and that UI 17 is a sentiment pattern of cultured inhibition almost wholly dependent on family and social upbringing.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153220

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Total cholesterol level is estimated in different types of human placentae (normal, stillborn and abortion cases). The total cholesterol level is found to be higher in abortion and stillborn cases than in normals. However, the differences between the mean values do not reach the 5% level of statistical significance. The probable reason for this trend is discussed.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153221

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A study of the mean ridge breadth (MRB) in the second interdigital area of 1,000 normal subjects shows (a) that the MRB increases with age up to adulthood; (b) that the MRB is greater in males, and (c) that the MRB distribution is normal. Ridge breadth is affected by the sex chromosome complement, by certain autosomal chromosome abnormalities, and may be related to height.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153222

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The ‘corrected’ atd angle has been studied in 1,000 healthy subjects, and a normal range established. This corrected angle eliminates the huge errors due to lateral deviation of the t triradius, and taking the print with the fingers adducted eliminates another major error. The corrected atd angle, although an improvement on an ordinary atd angle, is still affected by age, and studies will have to continue to subdivide subjects into discrete age groups. The distribution of the corrected atd angle is not normal, and the mean atd angle has limitations. Comparisons between groups of subjects are probably best made by making arbitrary limits for the range of normality, and some figures for these limits are sugges

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153223

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Major genes affecting quantitative traits are widespread and well known. However, major genes affecting unimodally distributed quantitative traits appear to be rare in populations of outbreeding organisms. This may largely reflect methods of analysis, or it may reflect the interaction of chance and selection on the frequencies of such major genes. If many quantitative traits have intermediate optima, or at least are subject to selection against extremes, it may be argued that selection will tend to eliminate segregation for genes of major effect more rapidly than for those of minor effect. This argument is tested by Monte Carlo methods. Results suggest that times to fixation do not differ greatly for major and minor genes determining a trait undergoing a moderate degree of centripetal selection in small populations but major genes are in general fixed first. The effect of linkage and the definition of ‘large’ and ‘small’ effects are di

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153224

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Contrary to earlier reports from Asia, trisomy 21 is common in Burma and other chromosome abnormalities are found. A variety of dominant, recessive and X-linked genetic disorders occur. Twins are found in 1% of births and MZ and DZ twins are equally common. Thalassaemia and meningomyelocele are relatively common while congenital dislocation of the hip and phenylketonuria are very rare. The intensity of inbreeding has been measured by survey and found to be F = 0.0005 in Rangoon and F = 0.0015 in villages around Hlegu.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153225

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The results of Pi typing of 513 sera from the population of Rome are reported. 16 different subtypes were identified by ultrathin-layer isoelectric focusing techniques. Types and frequencies of the Pi alleles are comparable to those found in the population of Central and Southern Italy.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153226

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Bf and C3 type determinations have been performed in a population from Tunisia. The corresponding allele frequencies are as follows: BfsS = 0.6173, BfF = 0.2813, BfS0.7 = 0.0827, BfF1 = 0.0187 and C3S = 0.8326, C3F = 0.1524, C3S0.4 = 0.0086, C3‘F rare’ = 0.0064. According to these values, the Tunisian population seems to be situated between Caucasoid and Negroid populati

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153227

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Two populations of Niger including a nomad group (Peuls) and a sedentary one (Djerma-Sonrais have been investigated in the study of Bf polymorphism. There are no significant differences between the two groups and the deduced mean allele frequencies are: BfS = 0.3932; BfF = 0.5097; Bf 0.7 = 0.0194 and BfF1 = 0.0777. Some comparative studies are presented with other Negroid populations so far reported.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153228

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An automated screening method for the atypical cholinesterase gene (E1a) is described. By this method, 97 heterozygotes but no homozygotes for the atypical allele were found in a series of 3,143 Norwegian blood donors (gene frequency 0.0154). The method seems useful in the screening of large series of sera for the atypical enzyme also in samples stored frozen for many years.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153229

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger