摘要:

This paper reports a study of body height in the adult Jewish population of Israel, comparing native-born with immigrant groups. The sample tested included 1,411 men and 961 women, all clinically healthy according to the results of multiphasic screening. The phenomenon observed in other immigration-absorbing countries also holds for Israel: native Israelis are significantly taller than their immigrant counterparts. The findings were verified over different age and working activity strata, and thus may be taken to reflect the influence of better socioeconomic and environmental conditions on the bodily development of those born in Israel.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153354

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Gene marker studies on the Afrikaans and German populations of South West Africa/Namibia reveal that both very closely resemble their parent European stocks but that the Germans show appreciable evidence of having received a genetic contribution from non-Caucasoid, probably Khoi or Negro, sources.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153355

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Genetic diversity among the Newars of Nepal has been studied using Wright’s Fst and the ratio of observed variance to theoretical variance following Lewontin and Krakauer’s 1973 method, based on six genetic characteristics. The gene differentiation among the Newars is only 1.7%. These observations are further corroborated by the results obtained through genetic distance analysis. The average heterozygosity per locus is high (ranging from 35 to 42%) for all the groups. About 95% of total gene diversity exists within the Newar groups, the intergroup components being only about

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153356

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Gene frequency data for 25 loci (2 HLA loci, 9 blood group loci, and 14 electrophoretically detectable loci) were collected from the literature of 18 human populations from all over the world. The data were subjected to a hierarchical gene diversity analysis to provide an estimate of the relative distribution of genetic variation between and within populations and population groups for different types of loci. Two different ways of grouping the populations, i.e., according to anthropological criteria and to a cluster analysis based on gene frequency data, gave essentially the same results. For all loci combined approximately 86% of total gene diversity was found within populations, 3% was associated with differences between populations within groups, and 11 % related to group differences. These results are very similar to those obtained in previous studies based on fewer loci and different sets of populations. The distribution of genetic variation is different for different types of loci. The HLA loci give a picture very similar to that of the electrophoretic loci while the blood group loci have a substantially larger fraction of the total gene diversity distributed between populations or population groups.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153357

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Several methods of estimating the ascertainment probability from the distribution of the number of ascertainments per proband have been presented in the literature. Here these methods are compared. The Skellam often gives the best fit, but there are counter examples. The estimate from a Poisson distribution is generally close to the best solution.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153358

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

I have previously suggested that the sex ratios of multiple births registered in Japan are biased. Data published by Imaizumi [1982a, b] are consistent with the suggestion that this alleged bias diminished during the two decades preceding 1974. If true, this would provide additional evidence for my claim that the sex ratio of monozygotic twins is low.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153359

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A single major locus model of inheritance that incorporates polarity (bipolar-unipolar distinction) and sex effect was applied to family study data on bipolar and unipolar affective disorders. In the model tested, clinical polarity and sex-related thresholds determined a differential liability to major affective illness, whereby unipolar females and bipolar males represented two extremes on a genetic-environmental continuum. Bipolar males were more deviant, and unipolar females were less deviant genetically than bipolar females and unipolar males. The major locus hypothesis did not provide an acceptable fit to the data. The implications of these findings for genetic and biological research in affective disorders are discussed.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153360

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Blood specimens from 651 blood donors registered with the Hobart division of the Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service of Tasmania were examined for six red cell antigen systems, as well as two plasma protein and three red cell enzyme polymorphisms. The most distinctive feature is the relatively high frequency of the Rh haplotype cde. Subdivision of the sample, permitted via questionnaire data, indicated that donors born overseas exhibited the greatest differences from those born in Tasmania, but none were significant at the 5% level. Overall gene frequencies in Tasmanian donors, except for the Rh system, were very similar to those reported for Melbourne donors, and clearly reflect the known predominance of British and Irish immigrants throughout the period of white settlement on the island.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153361

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A survey of hereditary hemoglobin disorders in a mixed Brazilian population of the northeast of the State of S. Paulo revealed a 5.3% incidence of abnormal phenotypes among 400 schoolchildren, 4.5% among 602 mothers and 2.8% among 606 newborns. The most common findings were AS (1.9%), AC (0.8%) and β-thalassemia (0.8%) heterozygotes, which amount to 3.5% of the sample. In a second selected population of 1,023 patients of the Hematologic Clinic of the University Hospital and their relatives, 471 cases of hemoglobinopathies were detected. The most frequent anomalies were heterozygous β-thalassemia (35.2%) and Hb S (32.5%), followed by sickle-cell anemia (13.0%), homozygous β-thalassemia (4.0%) and sickle-cell/β-thalassemia (4.0%). Other defects detected were δ-β-thalassemia, Hb C, Hb Hasharon and Hb A2’. One family with α-thalassemia has been identified that included a girl with Hb H disease. The significance of these findings is discussed with regard to the racial origin of the population of thi

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153362

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Natural selective effects of ABO maternofetal incompatibility depend on age, sex and gene frequency. This study focuses on differences of fitness according to age and sex. Calculations of genotype frequencies weighted by fitness lead to the hypothesis that forces of natural selection would favor an association of excess males with type O. Studies of polymorphic populations and homogeneous·populations provide empirical support for the hypothesis

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000153363

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger