摘要:

This paper presents a general view of the overlapping areas between population genetics and demography; it gives a short analysis of the use of models in population genetics and presents Wright’s classification of the evolutionary processes into deterministic, stochastic and unique events; it explains the concepts of breeding and effective population sizes; the paper gives general information on the probable action of random drift in the population of a Brazilian island and provides a short analysis of some pitfalls in investigations on the genetic effects of consanguineous marriage

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000152644

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

38 genetically determined marker systems were examined in blood samples obtained from a relatively isolated population of Eskimos living in the Eastern Canadian Arctic. 2,3-DPGM, sGOT, sGPT, PGM1; 6PGD, AcP, E2 cholinesterase, haptoglobin, Gm, Inv, and HL-A were found to exist in polymorphic form, while no variation of the remaining 27 markers was detected in the population. The 2,3-DPGM 2–1 phenotype, which has hitherto been considered to be a rare phenotype, occurred in 3.6% of the individuals studied. One previously undescribed rare variant sGPT 5–1 was detected. Comparisons of the data for circumpolar populations indicate that the PGM21 allele frequencies form a gradient of increasing magnitude from west to east in Arctic populations; a suggestion of a decreasing gradient of red cell acid phosphatase Paallele frequencies was found from west to east in these populations. Approximately 6% of the genes in the Igloolik gene pool appeared to be Caucasoid. The incidence of polymorphisms and the average degree of heterozygosity in this relatively isolated population were not found to differ statistically from the corresponding estimates for a large random mating population with little inbreed

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000152645

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Published data on chiasma frequency distributions have been analyzed to estimate the relationship between age and chiasma frequency. Evidence is obtained for a curvilinear relationship describable by a polynomial of order 3 or 4. Published data on age and recombination in the HL-A systems are compatible with such a relationship, but numbers are not high enough for convincing statistical tests.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000152646

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The degree of differentiation of gene frequency as measured by inbreeding coefficient is obtained for the ABO and Rh blood groups in the United Kingdom. The total inbreeding coefficients in the United Kingdom for the ABO and Rh blood groups are 0.0040 and 0.0027, respectively. There are clines for the IA, IB, and IO gene frequencies on the longitude and latitude coordinates. On the other hand, there is only a cline for the D-gene frequency on the longitude in Great Britain.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000152647

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A translocation between the long arm of chromosome 12 and the long arm of chromosome 21 was found in a male with typical Down’s syndrome. His mother and a maternal uncle carried the same translocation. Breakpoints at 12q14 and 21q22 were identified by fluorescence studies. In this family, alternate and 3-to-1 disjunctional segregation was observe

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000152648

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The palmar dermatoglyphs of 200 males and 200 females of the Negro and Coloured communities in Durban are analyzed by a topological method. The method is suitable for population studies but it is recommended that for clinical studies the traditional notation be used. Negroes, in this study of the Zulu ‘race’, have fewer thenar patterns and an extremely high prevalence of loops in the IVth interdigital area. The Coloureds of this sample did not show any remarkable differen

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000152649

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Combined linkage data of the closely linked Gpt and EBS1 loci and the loci of 21 other genetic markers are presented. Analyses are carried out by use of the MOSM computer program, and linkage exclusions are mainly based on posterior probabilities, males. Mappable linkage is excluded to 5 of the marker loci, while close linkage is ruled out to most of the others. No definite hint of linkage is found.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000152650

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The ability of hydrocortisone to induce two enzymes in 9 cancer cell lines and 6 normal cell lines was investigated. Amino acid naphthylamidase was induced in 4 out of 5 malignant cell lines of high activity, and not in 4 lines with very low activity. No induction was achieved in the normal cell lines. The results on alkaline phosphatase were variable but excluded the possibility that the normal and malignant cell lines differed with respect to a steroid receptor.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000152651

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The incidence of colour blindness in Mysore City is presented here. The highest incidence of this trait is found among the Telugu Brahman and the lowest is seen among the Mudaliar. The findings indicate significant variation between the Kannada Brahman and the Adikarnataka and close resemblance between the Lingayat and the Adikarnataka.

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000152652

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A total of 213 Kadar from a number of villages in the Anamalai Hills, South India have been tested for 4 blood group, 5 serum protein and 15 enzyme systems, as well as haemoglobin. The frequencies of genes in the ABO, MN and Rh blood group systems are compatible with values reported previouslythe fourth blood group system Ina was invariant, all persons tested being In(a-). Similarly no variants were detected in the transferrin, caeruloplasmin and albumin serum protein systerns. The haptoglobin gene Hp1 had a frequency of 0.41, high for Indian populations and also the Gm-1–2allele had a high frequency. Two individuals had the rare phenotype Gm (–1, +2). Amongst the red cell enzyme systems distinctive variants were detected in the phospho-gluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase (locus 1) and peptidase B systems. The allele PGDKadar controls an electrophoretically fast variant and examples of combinations of this allele with PGDA, PGDC and itself were observed. In the PGM (locus 1) system an allele controlling a slower than normal component was present and may be identical with the PGD61 (African) allele detected in a black African. Individuals homozygous for this allele and others heterozygous with it and the normal PGM11and PGM12alleles were present. A single person with a peptidase B variant was detected. The mobility of the variant band was indistinguishable from the Pep B 6 in Australian aboriginals. The pb allele of the acid phosphatase system accounted for nearly 90%, Calcutta-1 variants had a frequency of 3.3%, the AK2 gene frequency was only 3.3%, and only two cases of HbS were detected. All other systems were invariant. Theories concerning the origin of the possible negrito-like traits in a small number of Kadar were discussed and the present evidence was considered to support the possibility of past African negro admixture on a small scale. The postulated genetic reconstruction of the ancestral Kadar population suggests that they may have been similar to Melanesian and Australian aboriginal populations, but that this original genetic structure has been modified through incorporating genetic elements not only from black Africans but from surrounding Dravidian populati

ISSN:0001-5652    

DOI:10.1159/000152653

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger