摘要:

AbstractThe ratio of the maximum gust in an hour to the mean wind for the how is the ‘gust factor’. Extreme value analysis of gust factors was conducted as part of the design studies for Eurotunnel's Wind Alert System. This analysis indicated that the population of gust factors was mixed, suggesting that two different types of mechanism cause hourly gust maxima. Various investigations confirmed this indication and identified the two mechanisms. During the majority of hours the gust factor is a measure of the maximum gust due to the turbulent fluctuations of the atmospheric boundary layer. However, during a substantial minority of hours it is a measure of a gust caused by a ‘convective’ meteorological event such as a thunderstorm, squall line or heavy shower. The latter mechanism causes occasional exceptional gust factors, which can be of dominating importance for a transport system which must react when there is a risk of sever

ISSN:1350-4827    

DOI:10.1002/met.5060010211

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn understanding of the market place and business practice is essential to those providing meteorological information in order to maximise economic benefit to the customer. Case studies using information from companies in the Water Market Sector show that benefits gained are both qualitative and quantitative and that cost/benefit ratios in excess of 1:30 can be obtained by the Retail and Manufacturing Market Sector when provided with services that are tailored to meet their requirements. This increase in benefit is shown to be directly attributable not only to the application of marketing principles by weather‐service providers, and research and new technology, but also to educating the market place in the services and products that can be provided and how to use the information in their decision‐making proc

ISSN:1350-4827    

DOI:10.1002/met.5060010212

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA simple decision‐analysis model is used to determine the financial benefits accruing to one highway authority in Scotland from the use of weather radar imagery for u‐inter‐road‐maintenance operations. Over a three‐month period, the savings are some £23 000 greater than the benefits derived from the use of the particular OPEN ROAD forecast service employed by that

ISSN:1350-4827    

DOI:10.1002/met.5060010213

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThere is a widespread belief among yachtsmen that, during a surface gust the wind veers in the northern hemisphere and backs in the southern hemisphere. Various studies have been directed at finding out if this is in fact true. These studies have all produced null results. In this article the theoretical background is examined and a gust definition appropriate to a yachtsman is defined. Watts (1992) has defined conditions most likely to produce veering in gusts. Therefore, data have been collected in these conditions, and the gust definition used to attempt to verify the yachtsman's belief. However, as with the previous studies, the result is still that there is no significant effect.

ISSN:1350-4827    

DOI:10.1002/met.5060010214

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper outlines the background to the changes in the Met. Office telephone weather services and considers the effects chat this has had in the market place for readily available public information services. The launch of Weathercall and related services, the agreement between the Met. Office and Telephone Information Services plc ‐ which was one of the very first commercial agreements for o. form of joint venture between the public and private sectors ‐ has proved to be very successful. The partnership has exploited new market opportunities for premium, value‐added information services and greatly increased Met. Office revenues. The paper also considers ways in which telephone weather services can diversify into new ventures, directions and communications technologies in order to open up new revenue‐generating apportunties without creating demands for substantial additional resources within the Met.

ISSN:1350-4827    

DOI:10.1002/met.5060010215

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1350-4827    

DOI:10.1002/met.5060010216

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1350-4827    

DOI:10.1002/met.5060010217

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1350-4827    

DOI:10.1002/met.5060010218

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1350-4827    

DOI:10.1002/met.5060010219

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY