摘要:

AbstractThree acylating mechanisms are involved in the reaction between amides and anhydrides. In the aliphatic series all mechanisms are governed by the inductive effects operating in the reactants.Amides act as acids towards anhydrides.Diacylimines and the corresponding anhydrides acylate alcohols by the same mechanism.A new compound, propionylchloroacetamide, has been prepared. Properties of some diacylimines have been established. Uses for diacylimines are suggested.

ISSN:0165-0513    

DOI:10.1002/recl.19480671202

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1948

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe formation of cinnamic aldehyde by interaction of benzaldehyde and boron fluoride etherate is described.

ISSN:0165-0513    

DOI:10.1002/recl.19480671203

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1948

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt appears from velocity measurements of the ozonisation of benzene, toluene,m‐xylene, mesitylene and hexamethylbenzene that the reactivity of these substanees increases in the order mentioned. The order of the reaction could not be determined in the case of benzene, toluene andm‐xylene. With mesitylene the reaction is apparently quatermolecular and with hexamethylbenzene it is apparently bimolecular.The results of comparative velocity measurements with mixtures of benzene and toluene are not in disagreement with direct velocity measureme

ISSN:0165-0513    

DOI:10.1002/recl.19480671204

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1948

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo dibromo‐diethoxypyridines of undetermined structure are described in the literature, viz. a compound melting at 142° bySelland an isomer with m.p. 165°, byKönigs, GerdesandSirot.We have shown that the bromine atoms occupy the 2 and 6 positions in the bromo‐derivative melting at 142°. The compound melting at 165°, prepared according to the directions ofKönigsand his co‐workers, appears to be 2‐bromo‐3,5‐diethoxy‐6‐nitro‐pyridine instead of a dibromo‐diethoxypyridine.2,6‐Dibromo‐3,5‐diethoxypyridine was isolated bySellas the sole reaction product from the bromination of 3,5‐diethoxypyridine in an acid medium. By carrying out the bromination in pyridine as solvent, we have obtained 2‐bromo‐3,5‐diethoxypyridine along with the dibromo‐compound. The further bromination of this mono‐bromo‐compound is a reversible process; the dibromo‐derivative is converted into mono‐bromo‐diethoxypyridine by heating with a solution of hydrobromic acid in glacial acetic acid.Finally we have examined the action of cuprous cyanide, sodium ethylate and nitric acid on the 2‐bromo‐ and the 2,6‐dibromo‐derivative of 3,5‐diethoxypyridine.In proving the structure of derivatives of 3,5‐diethoxypyridine, the possibility of the occurrence of various abnormal substitu

ISSN:0165-0513    

DOI:10.1002/recl.19480671205

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1948

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEthoxyacetylene carbinols can be partially hydrogenated to the corresponding ethylenecarbinols, which on hydrolysis yieldα,β‐unsaturated aldehydes. β‐ionylidene acetaldehyde VI could be obtained in fair yield starting from β‐ionone III (). This substance was identical with the β‐ionylidene acetaldehyde, described byKuhnandMorris.Citral and β‐methylcinnamic aldehyde wer

ISSN:0165-0513    

DOI:10.1002/recl.19480671206

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1948

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractKönigs, GerdesandSirothave prepared a 3,5‐diethoxy‐dinitropyridine by nitrating 3,5‐diethoxypyridine. On repeating this experiment we have obtained a mono‐nitro‐derivative. We have proved that in this compound the nitro group is introduced into the 2‐position.When the 3,5‐diethoxy‐2‐nitropyridine is nitrated further the dinitrocompound described byKönigset al. is obtained. The nitro groups in this compound are in the

ISSN:0165-0513    

DOI:10.1002/recl.19480671207

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1948

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA theory is developed which connects the degree of swelling of a polymer network bearing ionogenic groups with the electrolyte concentration in the swelling medium.It is based on the assumption of an electrolyte distribution according to a Donnan equilibrium between the gel and the surrounding liquid on the one hand, and on the application of a modifiedFlory‐Rehnerequation to the dependence of the free energy of dilution on the degree of swelling on the other hand.This theory is applied to the swelling of cellulose xanthate gels in neutral salt solutions. The following conclusions are reached.1The theoretical relation between the degree of swellingqand the electrolyte concentrationchas the formq5/3= B/βλc+ (1‐K)/2 β, whereB, βandKare constants related to fundamental physical properties of the swollen network; λ is a valency factor of the electrolyte studied.2In agreement with this formula the experimentalq5/3‐ 1/λcplots are linear at moderate degrees of swelling and fairly independent of the electrolyte used. An explanation is given for deviations from linearity observed in highly swollen systems.From the slope of the experimental swelling curves it is concluded that the network consists of short chains.3Apart from the influence of the valency of the ions there exists also a lyotropic influence of the ions on the swelling of the gel.4The strong dependence of swelling on the xanthate ratio of the gel is in quantitative agreement with the effect predicte

ISSN:0165-0513    

DOI:10.1002/recl.19480671208

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1948

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBoth stereo‐isomers of 1,3,5‐tri‐p‐methoxybenzylcyclohexane (CH3O. C6H4. CH2)3C6H9have been synthesized in connection with our investigation on polymerisation products from methylc

ISSN:0165-0513    

DOI:10.1002/recl.19480671209

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1948

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe coupling of 1‐chloro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene with 3,5‐dichloroaniline gives 3,5‐dichloro‐2′,4′‐dinitrodiphenylamine. The nitration of this formerly unknown compound with anhydrous nitric acid gives 3,5‐dichloro‐2,4‐2′,4′‐tetranitrodiphenylamine, in which the chlorine atoms are mobile and can be replaced by amino groups.The partial reduction of 2,4‐dinitrodiphenylamine and its derivatives can be accomplished

ISSN:0165-0513    

DOI:10.1002/recl.19480671210

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1948

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0165-0513    

DOI:10.1002/recl.19480671211

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1948

数据来源: WILEY