摘要:

Abstract.Our knowledge of the effects of n‐3 fatty acids on the glucose homeostasis in diabetes mellitus is at present incomplete. The results are in certain respects conflicting. Several studies have shown that addition of n‐3 fatty acids, especially in type‐2 diabetes, may increase blood glucose concentrations without a concomitant increase of insulin or C‐peptide concentrations. The glucose/insulin ratio is increased in fasting as well as after meals. On the other hand, some data indicate that, in spite of increased or unchanged glucose concentrations, there may be an improved peripheral insulin sensitivity. The stimulated insulin response may be reduced after mixed meals, although there are no indications of significant impairments of the response to intravenous glucose. The reasons for the observed changes are still obscure. More controlled studies, during prolonged periods of time, are needed. At present it would seem important to closely follow diabetic patients with respect to glucose and lipid metabolism if treated with n‐3 fatty acids. As for now, diabetic patients are recommended to increase their intake of fish in the diet. The use of pharmacological doses of n‐3 fatty acids remains inve

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01458.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Dietary marine lipids reduce both mortality and the severity of glomerulonephritis in inbred murine strains which develop spontaneous autoimmune disease. The protective effects of marine lipids appear to be accounted for by the major n‐3 fatty acids in these preparations, 20:5 and 22:6. The n‐3 fatty acids in dietary fish oil are extensively incorporated into several lipid classes in the spleen of autoimmune mice, including phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, plasmalogens and saturated ether‐linked phospholipids as well as diacylphosphoglycerides. The effects of dietary marine lipids on autoimmune disease in experimental models are highly specific. Careful controlled trials will be required to establish the role of dietary marine lipids in the therapy of human autoimmune di

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01459.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We have evidence that dietary fish oil (FO) decreases severity of collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA), changes the fatty acid composition of macrophage (Mϕ) membrane phospholipids, decreases Mϕ synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs), changes chemotactic ability of Mϕs, and affects metabolism of acute phase proteins. Gender also has pronounced effects on susceptibility to CIA and Mϕ prostaglandin profiles. The mechanisms by which dietary n‐3 fatty acids may act to alleviate symptoms of CIA, as well as interactions of dietary n‐3 and n‐6 fatty acids and gender are discussed. We suggest that the ability of FO diets to influence favourably the course of chronic inflammatory diseases is mediated via alterations in n‐6 fatty acid metabolism and that intrinsic differences in n‐6 fatty acid metabolism may account not only for our reported gender differences in incidence and severity of CIA, but also the well‐documented sexual dimorphism in immune/inflammatory res

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01460.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Thirty‐nine patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease were studied in a 7‐month, double‐blind, placebo controlled cross‐over trial of dietary supplementation with fish oil, which provided about 3.2 g n‐3 fatty acids per day. At control, biopsies from inflamed mucosa contained higher levels of arachidonic acid than uninvolved mucosa. Dietary n‐3 fatty acids were well tolerated and incorporated into plasma and enteric mucosa phospholipids at the expense of n‐6 fatty acids. The arachidonic acid‐derived prostanoid generation was reduced by fish oil and the extension and severity of macroscopic bowel involvement was moderately improved. In patients with Crohn's disease, clinical activity was unchanged by fish‐oil supplementation. In patients with ulcerative colitis, clinical disease activity fell during fish oil supplementation and thereafter: this was not significant however. Despite a moderate reduction in inflammatory lipid mediators by dietary n‐3 fatty acids and limited morphological improvement in chronic inflammatory bowel disease, the clinical benefit seems to be confined to patients with

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01461.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The effects of dietary supplement with n‐3 fatty acids to patients with atopic dermatitis were investigated in a 12‐week, prospective, double‐blind study. The experimental group received daily 10 g of fish oil, containing 3 g n‐3 fatty acids, of which eicosapentaenoic acid represented about 1.8 g. The controls received an isoenergetic placebo supplement containing olive oil. Compliance was monitored by gas chromatographic analysis of fatty acid pattern in serum phospholipids. Results favoured the experimental group with regard to scale (P<0.05), itch (P<0.05) and overall subjective severity (P<0.02) as compared to the c

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01462.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The research on n‐3 fatty acids is not any longer sufficiently supported by a few philanthropic funds. The area covers the whole spectrum of medical research, from biochemistry and biology to experimental and clinical medicine, and to pharmacy and nutrition. This necessitates a ranking in priority for the funding bodies. The series of scientific front edge papers included in this volume, is a tool for those who have to consider priority.At present, there is an increasing demand for well‐conducted clinical trials to explore the effects of these fatty acids on a variety of diseases. Irrespective of the need for basic research and animal studies, the question of whether or not n‐3 fatty acids have a role in the prevention and cure of diseases can be answered only by human studies. If, and hopefully when, such studies provide definite evidence for beneficial effects of dietary n‐3 fatty acids, then a preferential investment by granting institutions to perform basic n‐3 lipid research in the broad spectrum of lipid nutrition may be justified. If not, this research should be judged by its appropriate relation to other pressing and important areas of medical research and not be the subject of special solicita

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01463.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY