ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00055.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00056.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In a representative sample of Danish school children (124 boys and 169 girls), 16–19 years of age, blood pressure, blood lipids, body fat content, maximal aerobic power. alcohol consumption and smoking habits were studied. No systematic variation was noticed within this age in the risk factor profile. The mean values for blood pressure (BP) (systolic/diastolic) were 125/73 mmHg for the boys and 117/71 mmHg for the girls. As much as 14% of the boys and 5% of the girls had either a systolic BP above 140 mmHg or a diastolic BP above 90 mmHg. Total serum cholesterol averaged 4.13 mmol l−1for the boys and 4.53 mmol l1for the girls, which is also high compared with adolescents from other countries. The ratios for high density lipoprotein cholesterol to total serum cholesterol were normal and in the range of 0.25–0.28 for both sexes. Other factors associated with coronary heart disease in adults, such as body fat content, serum triglycerides, physical activity, as well as smoking and alcohol habits were similar to that reported for teenagers in other countries. No correlation was found between aerobic power (ml min−1.kg−1) and the risk factors

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00057.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Casual blood pressure (BP) and ambulatory BP (mean 24‐h BP) were determined in 23 untreated patients with essential hypertension and in 11 normotensive healthy control subjects. Mean 24‐h BP was significantly lower than casual BP in patients with essential hypertension, but not in control subjects. This was demonstrated in the patients who did not work during the ambulatory BP monitoring and in the patients with newly recognized hypertension, whereas no differences were revealed either in the patients who went to work or had a known duration of hypertension longer than 6 months. The size of the difference between casual BP and mean 24‐h BP was unaffected by antihypertensive therapy with metoprolol and also individually reproducible. An accordance between casual and ambulatory BP measurements in evaluation of the efficacy of antihypertensive treatment was found in 75% of the patients. Casual BP and mean 24‐h BP were weakly correlated both before and during antihypertensive treatment. It is concluded that the higher casual BP than ambulatory BP in essential hypertension may be a specific characteristic of the disease. Both work and known duration of hypertension longer than 6 months eliminate the difference between casual and ambulatory BP in essential hypertension. Ambulatory BP monitoring seems to be superior to casual BP measurements in the evaluation of antihypertensive tr

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00058.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.During 1959–1987, 126 patients in Åland Islands and main Finland had serologically verified infections with the virus of tick‐borne encephalitis (Kumlinge disease). The most useful test for specific virological diagnosis was haemagglutination inhibition‐IgM (HI‐IgM). Most cases were from Åland Islands and nearby south‐western main Finland. Two of the infections were imported. There were three laboratory infections and two transfusion infections. The disease occurred mainly from July to September. Detailed hospital records of 108 of the patients could be obtained. Ninety‐five per cent of the patients had headaches, 82% had lymphocytosis of the cerebrospinal fluid, and 81% had high fever. Forty‐four per cent had a confirmed biphasic course of disease. Seventeen per cent were severely ill. There were no deaths. The sequels were psychic irritability and fatigue for up to 1 year. There were eight cases of paresis, two of which b

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00059.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The association between dental infections and cerebral infarction was investigated in a case‐control study involving 40 patients with ischaemic cerebral infarction under the age of 50, and 40 randomly selected community controls matched for sex and age. Poor oral health, as assessed by two indices measuring the severity of infections of teeth and periodontium, or by the presence of subgingival calculus or the presence of suppuration in the gingival pockets, were more common in male patients than in male controls, but no difference was observed in females. If severe dental infections were combined with other probable bacterial infections there were altogether 16 patients (40%) but only two controls (5%) who had suffered from a probable bacterial infection within 1 month or at the time of the stroke or when examined as a control (P<0.01).Our results suggest an association between bacterial infection and ischaemic cerebrovascular disease in patients under 50 years of age. Severe chronic dental infection seems to be an important type of infection associated with cerebral infarction in male

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00060.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Low sodium and potassium adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity has been proposed as a mechanism behind diabetic neuropathy. In this study the platelet ATPase activity and platelet noradrenaline efflux rate were determined in 47 insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 20 controls. Ulnar motor conduction velocities, tested in a subgroup, were lower in patients than in controls (52.7 ± 1.3 m s−1vs. 61.3 ± 1.4 m s−1;P<0.001). Platelet ATPase activity tended to be increased in the patients compared with the controls (29.9 ± 1.0 times 10−3min−1vs. 26.9 ± 1.1 times 10−3min−1; NS). In ulnar nerve function tested subjects, ATPase activity was higher in patients than in controls (31.2 ± 1.7 times 10−3min−3vs. 25.9 ± 1.3 times 10−3min−1;P<0.01). The platelet noradrenaline efflux rate tended to be higher in patients with lower brake indices, a sign of autonomic neuropathy, than in controls (29.0 ± 3.0 times 10−3min−1vs. 21.2 ± 0.9 times 10−3min−1;P<0.05). The platelet ATPase activity was not decreased in IDDM patients, however, a connection between diabetic autonomic neuropathy and plate

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00061.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We investigated 39 patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and extracapillary proliferation for the presence of circulating anti‐neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA) by indirect immunoflourescence. Patients with antibodies against the glomerular basement membrane, systemic lupus erythematosus or with glomerulonephritis following infection and where renal disease could be ascribed to treatment with drugs were not included.IgG class ANCA producing diffuse cytoplasmic immunostaining were detected in 54% of the patients. With reservation for the difficulties involved in distinguishing between different forms of systemic vasculitis, these autoantibodies were present in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis (12 out of 17 patients), polyarteritis nodosa (4/6), idiopathic extracapillary glomerulonephritis (1/4), and with less distinct syndromes (4/10), but not in Henoch‐Schönlein's purpura (0/2). Another 18% of the patients showed ‘granulocyte‐specific anti‐nuclear antibodies’ with perinuclear immunostaining. This pattern was recently reported to indicate the presence of antibody against myeloperoxidase of alcohol‐fixed neutrophils. Autoimmune mechanisms, particularly those involving components of neutrophil granulocytes, could play a significant role in development of extracapillary glom

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00062.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), phosphate, ionized calcium, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase and creatinine and the urinary excretion of phosphate and creatinine were studied after 1 and 3 weeks β‐blockade in 32 young healthy men given either atenolol at 50 mg. metoprolol at 100 mg, propranolol at 80 mg or placebo twice a day.After 1 week treatment serum phosphate (mean (range)) increased in the propranolol‐treated subjects (1.17 (0.99–1.30) to 1.32 (1.08–1.71) mmol l−1(P= 0.03), minor changes were found in the atenolol and the metoprolol‐treated subjects but not in the placebo group. Serum phosphate was unchanged compared to pretreatment values after 3 weeks. Renal clearance and urinary excretion of phosphate and creatinine was unchanged after both 1 and 3‐weeks treatment.Serum PTH, ionized calcium, magnesium and alkaline phosphatase were unchanged in all groups, whereas serum urate and creatinine increased in the metoprolol‐treated subjects after bo

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00063.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Four kindreds with hereditary hypercalcaemia have been investigated. Thirty‐seven of 72 subjects examined had hypercalcaemia with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Hypercalcaemic patients had total serum calcium of 2.91 ± 0.12 mmol l−1. Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) was normal while daily urinary calcium excretion was subnormal (below 2.5 mmol) in 45%. Comparison with an age‐matched group of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism gave a small overlap regarding serum human PTH, urinary calcium and the ratio between calcium clearance and creatinine clearance. Family screening therefore is of diagnostic importance.Twelve subjects had been subjected to parathyroid surgery before the correct diagnosis was settled, none of the cases had an adenoma. Three patients became normocalcaemic and the others had persistent hypercalcaemia. One male non‐abuser had seven episodes of acute pancreatitis before surgery and none after.The findings in all four kindreds are compatible with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH). This hereditary disorder of unknown aetiology, therefore, also exists in Scandinavia. It is of importance to consider FHH in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcaemia, since this disorder usually has a benign prognosis if u

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00064.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY