ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00123.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.This study examined the actions of pravastatin on the metabolism of apolipoprotein B (apo B) in very low‐, intermediate‐, and low‐density lipoproteins (VLDL, IDL, and LDL) in 10 patients with primary moderate hypercholesterolaemia.131I‐VLDL apo B was used as a tracer, and appearance of label was followed into IDL apo B and LDL apo B. Compared to placebo, pravastatin therapy reduced levels of cholesterol in total plasma, LDL, VLDL, and IDL cholesterol by 25%, 29%, 31%, and 47%, respectively. Pravastatin treatment also significantly decreased concentrations of apo B in LDL, IDL, and VLDL. The drug significantly reduced the mean production rate for VLDL apo B by 40%, and decreased production rates for LDL apo B in eight of 10 patients. In contrast, fractional catabolic rates (FCRs) were not altered significantly in any of the three lipoprotein fractions on pravastatin therapy. Further, pravastatin produced no consistent changes in LDL particle size, composition, or LDL subclass pattern. Thus pravastatin seemingly reduced input rates for all apo B‐containing lipoproteins. Consistent with previous studies, this response was most likely the result of enhanced removal of nascent lipoproteins by increased activity of LDL receptors, although decreased synthesis of apo B in the liver is a possible seco

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Of 788 women treated with ionizing irradiation for benign bleeding disorders (metropathia) 308 (39%) died of cardiovascular disease. In a control group, consisting of 1219 women with metropathia who were not irradiated, 257 (21%) cardiovascular deaths occurred. Although the risk of cardiovascular death in the two studied cohorts compared with national death rates was only 0.92 (lower limit 0.82: upper limit 1.03) and 0.88 (lower limit 0.78: upper limit 0.99) respectively, it was found that women irradiated before the menopause (age 50 years) run a higher risk of cardiovascular death than the controls in the same age group and those irradiated after the menopause.

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Within a defined geographical area, all 192 subjects with insulin‐dependent diabetes of at least 2 years duration and free of diabetic complications were identified: 60 (31%) were smokers. The prevalence of smoking increased significantly with increasing haemoglobin A1elevels (17.5% among subjects with the best metabolic control, 47.5% in those with the worst control). Smoking and non‐smoking diabetic patients did not differ in attitudes towards the disease, psychological well‐being, extent of tedium, frequency of self‐controls of blood glucose or proportion of patients with any sick leave in the preceding 2 years. In a case referent study of 25 matched patients with good or poor metabolic control, exposure to smoking was significantly more common among those with poor control (odds ratio 6.0). Thus there are several lines of evidence that smoking is associated with impaired metabolic control in patients with d

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The basic therapy of peripheral arterial occlusive disease stage IIb, according to Fontaine, is exercise. It should be determined whether a mild hypervolaemic haemodilution with hydroxyethyl starch or Ringer lactate can produce a further increase in walking distance. For this purpose, three groups of 25 patients each were formed. One group exercised three times weekly and the second group, in addition to exercise, underwent a mild hypervolaemic to isovolaemic dilution therapy with HES for a period of 6 weeks. In the final group the haematocrit was reduced to the same extent by venesections and volume substitution using Ringer lactate. The walking distance in the HES group increased from 216 m to 311 m (44%), in the Ringer lactate group from 214 m to 258 m (20%), and in the exercise group from 213 m to 242 m (14%). On comparison of the groups, the increase in pain‐free walking distance in the HES group differs significantly (P<0.05) from that achieved in the other groups. It was demonstrated that haemodilution with HES in combination with exercise brings about a clinical effect three times that achieved by exercise alone. Venesection with subsequent administration of Ringer lactate and exercise is superior to exercise alone but markedly inferior to the combination therapy with HE

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.During studies of families with α1‐antichymotrypsin deficiency heterozygotes, an apparently increased prevalence of asthma among first degree relatives was noticed.In a case control study, the prevalence of asthma among first degree relatives of 12 women with heterozygous α1‐antichymotrypsin deficiency was compared with that of first degree relatives of 58 matched controls. Secondly, the strength of association between asthma and low or subnormal plasma ACT concentration, in first and second degree relatives to heterozygotes, was assessed.The prevalence of asthma among first degree relatives of women with heterozygous α1‐antichymotrypsin deficiency was significantly higher [prevalence ratio 3.22 (1.06–9.83),P= 0.04]. Among heterozygotes, the prevalence of asthma in first and second degree relatives with low plasma α1‐antichymotrypsin concentration was higher than in relatives with normal plasma ACT concentration, but the difference in prevalence did not reach statistical significance [prevalence ratio 3.1 (0.96–9.83),P= 0.059].The findings are in agreement with previous studies and suggest a possible association between asthma and heterozygous α1‐antichymo

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In a 24‐week randomized multicentre single‐blind study, including mild to moderate hypertensives free from other diseases, the effect on blood lipids of captopril (n= 51) was studied and compared with that of metoprolol (n= 53). In order to keep the diastolic pressure<95 mm Hg, bendroflumethiazide was added to the medication for 11 patients in the captopril group and 11 patients in the metoprolol group. Neither captopril nor metoprolol altered total cholesterol significantly. Captopril as monotherapy increased HDL‐cholesterol by 6.2% (P<0.01) and decreased triglycerides by 10.6% (P<0.05). Metoprolol as monotherapy decreased HDL‐cholesterol by 5.6% (P<0.01) and increased triglycerides by 10.3% (P<0.05). When bendroflumethiazide was added the favourable effect of captopril on the blood lipids disappeared while the undesirable effect of metoprolol became more pro

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Twoin vitromodels of coronary thrombolysis in man, i.e. dislodgement of thrombi formed from non‐anticoagulated human blood, either by (i) shear‐stress or (ii) interaction of platelets with type I collagen fibre, were studied. Heparinization (1 U/ml) of blood prior to thrombus formation by (i) strongly inhibited spontaneous dislodgement (P<0.0001). Heparin (1 U/ml), when added with streptokinase (SK) or tissue‐type plasminogen activator (rt‐PA) prior to thrombus formation, considerably delayed thrombolysis. Furthermore, thrombolysis occurred much earlier when thrombi were perfused with SK or rt‐PA in native than in heparinized blood. Heparin inhibited binding of125I‐rt‐PA (17%,P<0.02) and plasminogen (88%,P<0.0005) to platelets activated by ADP in citrated platelet‐rich plasma. We conclude that heparin interferes with the fibrinolytic system at the surface of activated platelets. Our findings suggest that heparin administration prior to thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction shoul

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured in 10 patients with iron deficiency anaemia, 10 patients with vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia and 10 healthy controls. Initially there were no significant differences between the groups (P>0.4), but after treatment with iron and vitamin B12 for 3 and 6 weeks, the glycosylated haemoglobin concentration decreased significantly (P<0.01). It was concluded that glycosylated haemoglobin is a sensitive marker of the changes in the erythrocyte population that are observed when predominantly immature erythrocytes are being produced.

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.During a 5‐year period, 333 new cases of thyrotoxicosis were diagnosed in a well‐defined urban population of 258 000 inhabitants in southern Sweden without a history of endemic goitre. This corresponds to a mean annual incidence of thyrotoxicosis of 25.8/100000. The incidence of Graves' disease was 17.7, the incidence of toxic nodular goitre was 5.4 and that of solitary toxic adenoma was 2.7/100000/year. The peak age‐specific incidence of Graves' disease was 32.6/100000/year (age group 60–69 years), and that of toxic nodular goitre and solitary toxic adenoma was 31.5/100000/year (age group over 80

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00132.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY