ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01345.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01346.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVega GL, Grundy SM (Center for Human Nutrition and Departments of Clinical Nutrition, Internal Medicine and Biochemistry. University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA). Studies on mechanisms for enhanced clearance of low‐density lipoproteins in patients with primary hypertriglyceridaemia.Patients with primary hypertriglyceridaemia usually have increased clearance rates for plasma low‐density lipoproteins (LDL). To evaluate the mechanisms for this effect, simultaneous turnover rates for autologous and normal homologous LDL were determined in 12 patients with primary hypertriglyceridaemia. On average, the autologous LDL was cleared more rapidly than the normal homologous LDL. Fractional catabolic rates (FCRs) for autologous LDL averaged 0.61 ± 0.06(SEM) pools d−1, whereas FCRs for homologous LDL averaged 0.49 ± 0.04 pools d−1. In eight of the 12 patients the FCRs for ‘hypertriglyceridaemic’ LDL were found to be significantly higher than for normal LDL; in four others both forms of LDL were cleared at essentially the same rate. In all cases, however, both for the normal and ‘hypertriglyceridaemic’ LDL, clearance rates were higher than normal. Thus, besides the variability in LDL affinity for removal pathways, hypertriglyceridaemic patients appear to have an increased availability of LDL receptors for removal o

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01347.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTheodorsen L, Brørs O (Department of Pharmacotherapeutics. University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway). The importance of lipid solubility and receptor selectivity of β‐adrenoceptor blocking drugs for the occurrence of symptoms and side‐effects in out‐patients.Short‐term studies indicate that the side‐effects of adrenergic β‐receptor blockade may be influenced by lipid solubility and receptor selectivity of the blockers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the extent to which lipid solubility and receptor selectivity are related to the occurrence of symptoms during ordinary β‐blocker treatment in out‐patients. Two hundred and five patients (mean age 60 years) on β‐blockade were interviewed about their symptoms. Eighty‐five per cent of the patients had been on β‐blocker treatment for more than 1 year. The blockers most commonly used were atenolol (51.0%). timolol (20.0%). propranolol (18.5%) and metoprolol (7.8%). β‐Blocker treatment was associated with a significantly increased frequency of central nervous system and peripheral symptoms. The increase in central nervous system symptoms was significantly smaller in those on β‐blockers with low rather than with intermediate (P= 0.015) or high lipid solubility (P= 0.007). The increase in peripheral symptoms was not significantly different with β1‐selective and non‐selective blockers. The results indicate that the liability of β‐blockers to cause side‐effects on the central nervous system is determined partly by their lipid solubility, and that receptor selectivity has only a small impact on thei

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01348.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLange P, Groth, S, Nyboe J, Appleyard M, Mortensen J, Jensen G, Schnohr P (Copenhagen City Heart Study, Medical Department B and Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine KF, Rigshospitalet, and Medical Department P, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark). Chronic obstructive lung disease in Copenhagen: cross‐sectional epidemiological aspects.We analysed data from the Copenhagen City Heart Study to study the prevalence, possible risk factors for, and inter‐relations between bronchial hypersecretion (BH) and chronic airflow limitation. The study sample consisted of 12698 subjects between 20 years and 90 years of age, randomly selected from the population of the city of Copenhagen. The age‐adjusted overall prevalence of BH in the population of Copenhagen was estimated to be 10.1%; 12.5% in men and 8.2% in women. The overall prevalence of clinically relevant chronic airflow limitation (forced expiratory volume in 1 s<60% of that predicted) was 3.7% and not significantly different between sexes. Both airflow limitation and BH increased with age, smoking, alcohol consumption, short education, and low income. However, the association of airflow limitation with alcohol consumption, education and income was much weaker than the association with smoking. Regardless of smoking habits, the majority of subjects with airflow limitation did not report symptoms of bronchial hypersecr

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01349.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHardarson T. Kristinsson Å, Skúladóttir G. Åsvaldsdóttir H. Snorrason SP (Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Landspitalinn. and the Science Institute of University of Iceland. Reykjavik, Iceland). Cod liver oil does not reduce ventricular extrasystoles after myocardial infarction.Previous work has shown that in experimental animal models a lower incidence of arrhythmias and sudden death was observed if the animals were fed cod liver oil or fish oil. After a 48‐h control period starting, on average, 8 days after the onset of symptoms, 18 men who were recovering from acute myocardial infarction were given 20 ml d−1cod liver oil for 6 weeks, either immediately after the control period, weeks 0–6 (n= 10). or during weeks 6–12 (n= 8). Forty‐eight‐hour Holter monitoring was carried out before cod liver oil administration and at the end of weeks 6 and 12. The eicosapentaenoic acid content of plasma phospholipids was increased by 230% during cod liver oil administration. However, no signficant change was observed in the 24‐h prevalence of ventricular extrasystoles or other arrhythmias during the study period. The mean In number of ventricular extrasystoles was 2.95 ± 0.51 (± SEM) during cod liver oil ingestion and 2.63 ± 0.30 when not

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01350.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractÅberg H, Tibblin G (Department of Family Medicine. University Hospital, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden). Addition of non‐pharmacological methods of treatment in patients on antihypertensive drugs: results of previous medication, laboratory tests and life quality.Four hundred patients from eight health centres were recruited for this 2‐year study on the possible replacement of antihypertensive drugs by non‐pharmacological therapy. All the patients were given a device to measure their blood pressure at home and had monthly checks at a health centre. Two hundred patients on antihypertensive drugs (G1) started additional non‐pharmacological therapy after 1 year in the study, while the rest (G2) had used it from the beginning. Antihypertensive drugs were withdrawn according to predetermined criteria.The drop‐out rate was 1.5% each year. Medication was withdrawn completely from 42.7% of G1, and in 21.5% it was withheld for at least 18 months. The corresponding figures for G2 were 46.4% and 25.5% respectively. Most of the medication withdrawal in G1 occurred during the first year, when the group's management consisted solely of blood pressure measurements at home and frequent visits to the health centre. Serum triglycerides decreased on non‐pharmacological treatment in both sexes in both groups. Life quality improved, particularly for the group (n= 173) that had the dru

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01351.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAgardh E, Torffvit O, Agardh C‐D (Departments of Ophthalmology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden). The prevalence of retinopathy and associated medical risk factors in type I (insulin‐dependent) diabetes mellitus.The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and the associated medical risk factors, such as age at onset and duration of diabetes, metabolic control, blood pressure, albumin clearance and serum creatinine, were studied in 501 patients with type I diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of retinopathy, characterized as simplex, maculopathy, preproliferative, and proliferative, was 60.5%. Patients with retinopathy were younger at the onset of diabetes, and had a longer duration of disease. In patients with more than 10 years of diabetes, proliferative retinopathy was more frequent if onset was before they were 15 years old, despite the fact that the duration of diabetes did not differ. Patients with severe retinopathy had worse metabolic control, and were more frequently treated for hypertension. In addition, the systolic blood pressure was elevated in all groups of patients with any type of retinopathy, whereas the diastolic blood pressure was elevated only in patients with more severe forms. Patients with severe retinopathy also had higher levels of albumin cleara

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01352.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMelchior T, Wiese Simonsen K, Johannessen AC, Binder C (Steno Memorial Hospital, Gentofte and Department of Chemistry AD, Royal Danish School of Pharmacy. Copenhagen. Denmark). Plasma zinc concentrations during the first 2 years after diagnosis of insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus: a prospective study.Studies of zinc status in insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have shown contradictory results. Zinc is essential for many enzymes involved in the human metabolism and may play a role in the biosynthesis and storage of insulin in the B‐cell. We therefore prospectively followed 26 patients (14 males and 12 females) with newly diagnosed IDDM in order to determine the plasma zinc variation at the time of diagnosis and after 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. Seventy‐two healthy persons (36 males and 36 females) served as controls.Only minor differences in plasma zinc were demonstrated during the first 2 years of IDDM. A sex difference was found in healthy controls but only after 24 months in the diabetics.Quantitative changes of the B‐cell function, development of insulin antibodies, age. body weight and serum albumin did not correlate with the course of pl

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01353.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLarsen JK, Melgaard B (Department of Neurology, Centralsygehuset, Slagelse, Denmark). Simultaneous neuroinfection with cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus in an immunocompetent adult.An immunocompetent adult developed Guillain‐Barré Syndrome and encephalitis simultaneously. Serological and cerebrospinal fluid analyses provided evidence of both cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus infections. The patient recovered with only moderate sequelae following acyclovir treatme

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01354.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY