ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01382.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01383.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSnorgaard O, Eskildsen PC, Vadstrup S, Nerup J (Steno Memorial Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark). Diabetic ketoacidosis in Denmark: epidemiology, incidence rates, precipitating factors and mortality rates.The epidemiology of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus was studied in an 11.2% sample of the Danish population (574 696 inhabitants) during a 24‐month period. Some 175 admissions in ketoacidosis (heavy ketonuria and plasma bicarbonate below 21 mmol/l) were recorded. Based on prevalence rates from a socio‐economically and ethnically comparable Danish county, the annual incidence rate was calculated to be 0.045 per diabetic. The incidence rate of moderate and severe episodes (bicarbonate<16 mmol/l) was 0.032 and of severe episodes only (bicarbonate<10 mmol/l) 0.017 per diabetic. The major risk group was female teenagers. The total annual frequency of recurrence was 8.7%; 48% of the male episodes were ketoacidosis (DKA) associated with onset of diabetes, against 30% of the female episodes (P= 0.02). All Danish diabetics were at the time of the survey (1978–79) treated with conventional insulin treatment. Annual incidence rate in these established diabetics was 0.028, i.e. three to five times less than reported during treatment with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Mortality of DKA was low, 3.4%, and dependent upon age and precipitating factor but not upon the degree of acidosis. The overall annual mortality rate was 1.5 per 100 diab

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01384.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPoukkula A, Korhonen UR, Huikuri H, Linnaluoto M (Department of Internal Medicine, University Central Hospital, Oulu, Finland). Theophylline and salbutamol in combination in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease and concurrent heart disease: effect on cardiac arrhythmias.We compared the frequency and severity of cardiac arrhythmias during combined oral theophylline and inhaled salbutamol vs. salbutamol therapy alone in 18 patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who had concurrent cardiac disease. Seventeen patients showed at least one supraventricular premature complex (SVPC) on the 24‐h ECG recording when receiving salbutamol alone: eight patients had isolated SVPCs, less than 10/h; five patients had ≥ 10 SVPCs/h; eight patients showed runs of supraventricular tachycardia or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Seventeen patients also had at least one ventricular premature complex: seven patients had<10 isolated PVCs/h, five patients ≥ 10 PVCs/h; eight patients had paired or multifocal PVCs and one patient a run of ventricular tachycardia. The addition of oral theophylline at an average dose of 600 mg in the evening (blood concentrations showed a mean maximum of 13.4 ± 4.0 (SD) and minimum of 5.5 ± 2.9 mg/1) had no influence on the frequency or severity of either ventricular or supraventricular arrhythmias. Thus, cardiac arrhythmias are very common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and concomitant heart disease, but oral theophylline added to a regimen of salbutamol does not seem to affect the occurrence or severity of arrh

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01385.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEiskjær H, Christensen T, Pedersen EB (Department of Medicine C and Department of Radiology R, Aarhus Kommunehospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark). Abnormal structure and increased stiffness of the femoral arterial wall in young patients with sustained essential hypertension.Thickness, elastic modulus, and stiffness of the common femoral arterial wall were estimated in 11 patients with essential hypertension and in 11 age‐matched normotensive control subjects by use of anin vivo, non‐invasive, ultrasound time‐motion display technique (M‐mode). Hypertensive patients had significantly higher levels than normotensive subjects with regard to arterial wall thickness (0.23 cmvs.0.18 cm, medians:P<0.01). elastic modulus (10.6 × 107Pa vs. 6.18 × 107Pa, medians;P<0.05) and arterial wall stiffness (3.80 × 107Pavs.2.07 ± 107Pa, medians:P<0.01). It is concluded that structural changes in the wall of the large arteries contribute to the increase in arterial wall stiffness in young patients with sustained essential

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01386.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGrinsted L, Heltberg A, Hagen C, Djursing H (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Hvidovre, Department of Neurology Amtssygehuset, DK 4000 Roskilde and MS Rehabilitation Center. DK 4690 Haslev. and Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, University Hospital of Odense, 5000 Odense, Denmark). Serum sex hormone and gonadotropin concentrations in premenopausal women with multiple sclerosis.Dysfunctions within the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis occur frequently among women with multiple sclerosis (MS) and may induce menstrual disturbances and subsequent infertility. We have measured serum concentrations of prolactin, gonadotropins and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) as well as free and bound oestrogen and androgen levels in 14 women of fertile age with MS. These women all displayed regular cycles without having experienced fertility problems. As controls 14 normal women with regular periods and ideal body weight of 91 % (range 80–101) were included. Serum from both groups was sampled during the early follicular phase. The MS‐patients had significantly (P<0.05) higher concentrations of prolactin, LH, FSH, total and free testosterone (P<0.01) and a significantly lower serum concentration of oestrone sulphate (P<0.01). The abnormal hormone concentrations were not related to clinical status of the disease. We propose that the increased androgen levels are of ovarian origin as adrenal androgens were normal.The reason for the slight increase of prolactin and the marked increase of gonadotropins in women with MS is speculative. As oestradiol levels, however, were within normal range, we assume that a peripheral resistance to gonadotropins combined with an abnormal central regulation causes the increased pituitary se

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01387.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAiraksinen KEJ, Ikäheimo MJ, Huikuri HV, Koistinen MJ, Linnaluoto M, Takkunen JT (Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Oulu University Central Hospital, Oulu, Finland). Effects of isometric exercise and heart rate on left ventricular filling pattern assessed by pulsed Doppler echocardiography.Left ventricular filling pattern was assessed by pulsed Doppler echocardiography at rest and during handgrip exercise in 33 healthy middle‐aged subjects. The peak mitral flow‐velocities during the early rapid filling phase (E) and during late (atrial) filling (A) were measured and the ratio of these peak flow‐velocities (E:A ratio) was calculated. The E:A ratio was inversely related to age (r= −0.50), heart rate (r= −0.47) and septal thickness (r= −0.36) at rest. Exercise caused a significant (P<0.001) decrease in E:A ratio as a result of an increase in the peak A velocity. No significant change in the peak E velocity was observed during exercise. The exercise E:A ratio was related to heart rate (r= −0.53), but not to resting E:A ratio or age, since the decrease in E:A ratio tended to be less in the older subjects. Our study shows that isometric exercise augments the relative contribution of atrial contraction to left ventricular filling and this increase may ‘mask’ minor changes in resting transmitral flow pattern associated with, e.g. ageing. Secondly, in addition to age, heart rate must be taken into account when studying populations with different heart‐rate levels or interventions associated with simultaneou

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01388.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHöglund C, Alam M, Thorstrand C (Section of Cardiology. Department of Medicine I, Karolinska Institute at Södersjukhuset (South Hospital), Stockholm, Sweden). Effects of acute myocardial infarction on the displacement of the atrioventricular plane: an echocardiographic study.The effects of acute myocardial infarction (MI) on the displacement of the left ventricular (LV) atrioventricular (AV) plane is presented. The material consisted of 40 patients with first‐time Q‐wave MI (26 pts with ant. MI and 14 with post. MI). Nineteen age‐matched healthy subjects were used as controls.The displacement of the AV plane was determined at four sites corresponding to anterior (AV‐A), septal (AV‐S), posterior (AV‐P) and lateral (AV‐L) parts of the LV wall. In anterior and posterior MI all the sites showed significantly reduced AV‐plane displacement compared to healthy subjects (P<0.001). Moreover, within the anterior MI group the AV‐A and AV‐S displacements were significantly reduced compared to the points AV‐L and AV‐P (P<0.001) and the AV‐L displacement was reduced compared to AV‐P (P<0.001). In posterior MI the displacement at AV‐P was reduced compared to other points (P<0.001) and, to a certain extent, AV‐S was reduced compared to the points AV‐A and AV‐L (P<0.001).The reduced magnitude of theAVplane displacement seems to be an expression of regionally reduced systolic function. The method described may provide a simple means of defining regional wall motion

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01389.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFyhrquist F, Karppinen K, Honkanen T, Saijonmaa O, Rosenlöf K (Department of Internal Medicine, Päijät‐Häme Central Hospital, Lahti and Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland). High serum erythropoietin levels are normalized during treatment of congestive heart failure with enalapril.Eighteen patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (three female, mean age 57 years), were treated for 48 weeks with enalapril added to digoxin and diuretic therapy for congestive heart failure of New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class II (three patients), III (eight patients) and IV (seven patients), respectively. Serum levels of erythropoietin (EPO) were raised at the start (37 ± 12.8 pmol 1−1; mean ± SD) and were normalized during enalapril treatment (17.5 ± 9.9 pmol 1−1at 48 weeks;P<0.001). Serum EPO correlated at the start with NYHA functional class (r= 0.68;P<0.05). Normalization of elevated serum EPO concentrations during treatment with enalapril paralleled clinical and haemodynamic improvement, and probably reflected relief from r

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01390.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLervang H‐H, Møller‐Petersen J, Ditzel J (Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Department of Clinical Chemistry, Aalborg Hospital. Aalborg, Denmark). Serum β2‐microglobulin levels in thyroid diseases.Serum β2‐microglobulin was measured in 38 patients with thyroid diseases. Serum levels of β2‐microglobulin were significantly increased in patients with untreated Graves’ disease (median: 200 nmol l−1;P<0.0002), and in patients with untreated toxic adenomas (222 nmol l−1;P<0.0005) compared to 60 healthy control subjects (147 nmol l−1). Following antithyroid treatment of euthyroidism, serum β2‐microglobulin decreased significantly in both Graves’ disease (162 nmol 1−1) and toxic adenomas (175 nmol l−1); values which were not significantly different from that of the control group. The level of serum β2‐microglobulin in 12 patients with hypothyroidism was not different from that of the control group. However, in untreated hypothyroidism serum β2‐microglobulin was positively correlated with serum thyroxine (T4) (rho = 0.69:P<0.05) and free thyroxine index (FT4I) (rho = 0.72;P<0.02). It is concluded that elevated levels of serum β2‐microglobulin may reflect the increased metabolism in patients with thyrotoxicosis. Increased levels in active Graves’ disease may also par

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01391.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY