ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00041.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A high intake of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has been suggested as a factor in prolonged gestation in the population of the Faroe Islands. It is now suggested that isovaleric acid from pilot whales, a species frequently consumed in the Faroe Islands, may be the unusual dietary factor. Fatty acid data for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA) in blood lipids of Faroese and Norwegians is reviewed in terms of the type of fish eaten, apparently mostly lean white fish with DHA ≫ EPA. The popular lean fish, thus, probably provides too little EPA to produce a marked effect on human biochemis

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00042.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Twenty‐five hypertensives with no history of myocardial infarction and with a radiologically determined heart enlargement were examined with M‐mode echocardiography and compared with a normotensive control group (n= 41). All except two of the hypertensive patients were on a β‐blocker based antihypertensive treatment regime.The relative heart volume on X‐ray was significantly larger in the hypertensives, 562 ml m−2body surface area (BSA), compared to the normotensives, 408 ml m−2BSA (P<0.001). Both left ventricular diameter (LVD) in end‐diastole and end‐systole and left arterial (LA) diameter were significantly larger in the hypertensives (56vs. 51 mm,P<0.01; 35vs. 31mm,P<0.01; 46vs. 42 mm,P<0.01. respectively) as was the LV mass (296vs. 203 g,P<0.001). The end‐systolic wall stress (ESWS) was significantly greater in the hypertensives. Despite these findings resting left ventricular fractional shortening was the same and showed a similar correlation with ESWS (r= 0.79 andr= 0.77, respectively) in both groups. Hence, left ventricular systolic performance was not impaired in the hypertensives compared to the normotensives.These results show that an enlarged cardiac silhouette on the chest X‐ray in hypertensive subjects with β‐blocker based drug therapy must be interpreted with caution and must not,a priori, be judged as a sign of an impaired sy

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00043.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A retrospective study of serum selenium determinations performed in a hospital laboratory revealed 47 cases of hyposelenaemia (defined as a serum selenium level below 0.74 μmol l−1). Moderate hyposelenaemia (serum selenium 0.30–0.55 μmol l−1) was found in 11 patients and seven of these suffered from gastrointestinal diseases. Furthermore severe hyposelenaemia (serum selenium below 0.30 μmol l−1) was detected in three patients, who were all affected by gastrointestinal disease. We concluded that patients with gastrointestinal diseases are especially at risk of developing selenium deficiency and should be monitored by repeated determinations of serum selenium. Patients with moderate or severe hyposelenaemia should receive selenium

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00044.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Obesity is associated with glucose intolerance. Glucose is to a large extent disposed in the skeletal muscle. Peripheral insulin resistance, as well as decreased enzymatic activity in the skeletal muscle, has been suggested in type II diabetes. Potassium is essential for such enzymatic reactions.In this study, obese men, but not women, with glucose intolerance tended to have a lower total body potassium per kg body weight, indicating a smaller muscle mass, than weight‐matched normoglycaemic men. They also had a lower skeletal muscle potassium content per 100 g dry weight (P<0.05) and a higher muscle Na/K‐ratio (P<0.05) compared with obese men with normal glucose tolerance. Muscle fat and muscle sodium content were higher in obese men than in women with the same body mass index (P<0.01).The muscle electrolyte changes can be explained by a decrease in the insulin mediated Na/K‐pump activity across the cell membrane or a smaller number of insulin receptors on the skeletal muscle cell in patients with glucose intole

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00045.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Ingestion of licorice, 100 g daily for 8 weeks, caused a rise of 81% in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentration in 12 healthy subjects. Mean body weight increment (1.6 kg) correlated with the increase in plasma ANP (r= 0.59;P<0.01). The plasma concentrations of antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and plasma renin activity decreased. All these hormonal effects, reflecting retention of sodium and fluid volume, were probably due to the known mineralocorticoid properties of licorice. Blood pressure increased transiently and two subjects developed reversible hypertension. The rise in plasma ANP concentration during ingestion of licorice may be considered a physiological response to prevent fluid retention and development of hypertension.

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00046.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The antihypertensive efficacy and suitability for once daily dosing of amlodipine, a new calcium antagonist, was studied in a series of 205 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. The study was conducted double‐blind in 13 centres. The starting doses of amlodipine were 1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg, respectively, which were doubled after 4 weeks if normotension or a preset target blood pressure was not reached. Target blood pressure was reached in 25% of patients with placebo, 41% with 2.5 mg of amlodipine, 56% with 5 mg of amlodipine and 73% with 10 mg of amlodipine once daily. The drug was well tolerated at all dose levels and no changes occurred in heart rate, body weight or electrocardiogram during treatment. Amlodipine is a useful new calcium antagonist for the treatment of hypertension producing smooth, dose‐dependent blood pressure reductions with convenient once daily dos

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00047.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The treatment of Bartter's syndrome is fraught with difficulties, and there is no consensus concerning the pathogenetic mechanisms involved. Potassium depletion with hypokaliaemia is a dominant feature of the syndrome. In this case history, a 42‐year‐old woman suffering from Bartter's syndrome did not improve on several therapeutic trials. An impressive progress was noted, however, after intensive potassium repletion with subsequent potassium/spironolactone/ACE‐inhibitor treatment. After 24 months her condition was unchanged with normal and stable Se‐potassium concen

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00048.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In order to assess M‐mode echocardiographic recordings in a normal Norwegian population, 190 apparently healthy subjects (95 women and 95 men) aged 21–69 years were examined with an Irex Meridian system. Measurements were performed according to criteria recommended by the American Society of Echocardiography. Absolute values for all parameters except for left ventricular (LV) shortening fraction (SF) were greater in men (P<0.001). When corrected for body surface area (BSA), the differences between the two genders were far less pronounced. Women had greater left atrium (LA) (P<0.01) and LV end‐diastolic diameter (EDD) (P<0.001), whereas the interventricular septum in end‐diastole (IVS‐ED) (P<0.05) and LV posterior wall (PW) in ED (P<0.001) were thicker in men.Only weak correlations between age and the various echocardiographic parameters with r‐values ≤ 0.30 were observed.It is recommended that BSA corrected values should be preferred since the differences between men and women are negligible. When absolute values are used, different normal ranges for both sexes shou

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00049.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Survival (for up to 6 years) in coronary care unit (CCU) patients with ventricular tachycardia (VT) was studied with the aid of an automated arrhythmia monitoring system. Ventricular tachycardia was denned as four or more consecutive ventricular beats with a rate above 120 per min. During an 18‐month period, VT was observed in 102 individuals (13%) out of 800 patients without acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The 102 patients were compared with age‐ and sex‐matched patients with AMI and VT and a group with AMI but without VT.Hospital mortality was 27% in patients with AMI and VT, 23% in patients with AMI without VT, and 16% in non‐AMI patients with VT (NS). First year mortality after discharge was 20% in the non‐AMI group compared to 12% in the AMI groups (NS). The 1–6 years survival curves also did not differ significantly between the groups with a yearly mortality of between 5 and 6%.Acute myocardial infarction patients with rapid VT (>150 min−1) or long VT (more than 10 beats) had a higher hospital mortality, otherwise the number or type of VT episodes did not relate to short‐ or long‐term prognosis in the studied groups. Ventricular tachycardia in the CCU did not seem to be an indicator of poor long‐term prognosis. It is concluded that long‐term prognosis in patients with VT in the CCU was little influenced by a cur

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00050.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY