摘要:

AbstractThe motor skills of 38 children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) were assessed. The majority of children had gross and fine motor skills within the normal range, with age appropriate coordination. Gross motor skills were a relative strength compared with fine motor skills. Parents' ratings of children's motor skills were generally lower than performance as indicated by standardised assessment. It is proposed that attention and concentration deficits account for the perception that children with ADHD have impaired motor skills as indicated by the lower ratings of parents in this domain, and for the fact that gross motor skills were stronger than fine motor skills, i.e. that fine motor skills require greater application to task and therefore may be more susceptible to concentration difficulties. Intervention should be aimed at assisting children to develop strategies to promote attention within the various environments where they are required to participate.

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150020403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study examined the first decade of the development of occupational therapy in Israel: 1946–1956. The structural‐functional approach to the study of professions, which provided the theoretical framework for this study, identifies three formal organisations in the professions: the practice, the educational system, and the association. The purpose of this article was to follow the development of occupational therapy and to examine the interrelations of the profession's three formal organisations in the reviewed period. The methodology of the study was based on qualitative historical methods. Data collection included oral histories, and published and unpublished written material. Data organisation and analysis were within the framework of the structural‐functional approach. Data analysis indicated that ‘expansion’ was a major theme affecting the development of occupational therapy, the reason for which lies within the historical background of the period under investigation. In addition, data indicated that the practice was the strongest and most active organisation in occupational therapy and that expansion in practice was beyond the capacity of both the educational system and the professional association. The interrelations of the three formal organisations, and the rapid expansion of occupational therapy practice, had a lasting effect on the development of occupational therapy

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150020404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study was prompted by the clinical research of Lovett and Lovett (1991) and Yalom's theory of group therapy (Yalom, 1985). The investigators examined perceptions of therapeutic factors in groups, in relation to outcome measures. Twenty‐one patients admitted consecutively to an Alcohol Problems clinic engaged in a three‐week programme, led by an interdisciplinary treatment team, including occupational therapy‐led groups, were interviewed using an ‘important events’ questionnaire in the second and third week. A modified version of Yalom's therapeutic factor questionnaire was used at the end of the programme and patients were also asked if they had additional comments. Outcome factors were assessed at three months after discharge from reports by key workers and self‐report. Results indicated that patients most valued existential factors, self‐understanding, cohesiveness and catharsis. Existential factors were not identified as helpful by the group who were unchanged and continued to drink. The implications for occupational therapy in the treatment of alcohol problems w

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150020405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe main objectives of this survey were to examine the attitudes of Hong Kong occupational therapy students toward older people and their perception of working with older clients. A questionnaire, with 23 statements related to these two areas, was designed and distributed to all three‐year occupational therapy students during the first week of the academic year. Results found that the third year students were more positive in perceiving older people and showed greater interest in working with older clients (F=7.681, p<0.001; and F=8.05, p<0.005 respectively). Similar results were also obtained in those students who had clinical experiences with older clients in the above two areas (t=2.40, p<0.01; and t=2.47, p<0.01). Hence, a positive relationship between the education programme (including subjects taught and fieldwork experience) and students' perception of older people was confirmed. However, the feedback mechanism of these two components in the teaching curriculum requires further researc

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150020406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe research described in this article was a study of 22 first year occupational therapy students at the beginning of their educational programme, ie. Bachelor of Health Science (Occupational Therapy) at the Auckland Institute of Technology. The research design was qualitative with a phenomenological orientation and utilised a semi‐structured interview format. This ‘snapshot’ of occupational therapy students at the beginning of their education constitutes part of a larger, longitudinal study done in conjunction with the school of occupational therapy at the University of British Columbia, Canada. The findings from this phase of the research indicated that students' perceptions of themselves as people influenced their perceptions of cultural difference. Perhaps not surprisingly, prior learning in the shape of work experiences, friendships and travel appeared to be significant influences on the students' perceptions of individuals from differing cultural backgrounds to themselves.There is a need for occupational therapy educators to acknowledge and value the life experiences and skills of their students at entry to the programme. Similarly, issues of culture, cultural difference, race and ethnicity need to be dealt with in the context of a coherent curriculum model with context specific features. Recommendations arising from this research relate to greater articulation of the issues outlined above to students, as well as clear statements regarding the value orientation of the school/department in relation to cultural difference. This is necessary as, in the absence of this information, students are only able to work from a largely assumptive basis. The most important recommendation is that this longitudinal study continue so that more detailed data can be gathered over time that will assist in the development of a deeper understanding of how students develop knowledge and skills in working with individuals who are culturally different over he duration of their educational prog

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150020407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150020402

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY