摘要:

AbstractThis review addresses the current state of knowledge in oral sensorimotor therapy for children with neurological impairments and ingestive problems. Comprehensive assessment of the child with dysphagia looks at the interaction of oral performance and growth. These domains include eating efficiency, oral‐motor skills, oral sensory evaluation, classification of the severity of an eating problem, interaction of respiration and ingestion, aspiration, positioning for feeding, social skills assessment, careload and assessment technologies. Oral sensorimotor therapy improves eating but not drinking skills in children 3–12 years of age. Weight gain is sufficient so that children maintain their growth channel but they do not show catchup growth. Many factors thought to contribute to better ingestive performance need further study, such as jaw and lip control in association with drinking. The earliest possible identification of infants at risk for eating impairments needs to be rigorously pursued. Such an approach offers hope that the later growth deterioration now seen in children with eating impairments may be prevented. Finally, the effect of positioning and the use of eating equipment to promote self‐feeding need further

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150010403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the interrater reliability of the Revised Elderly Persons' Disability Scale (REPDS). In a correlational design four raters assessed 15 subjects all over the age of 65, and diagnosed as having dementia of varying stages of severity. All subjects attended day hospital facilities and were assessed by the raters. The raters comprised two staff nurses, one occupational therapist and one occupational therapy helper. Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W) was used to determine the overall interrater reliability of the REPDS as well as the seven subsections which make up this assessment tool. It was found that all of the subsections and the overall scale obtained significant values of W at the p<0.05 level. The Spearman rank order correlation coefficient (rs) was used to compare the raters' scores individually, which suggested that the qualified members of the staff achieved slightly higher levels of interrater reliability in comparison to an unqualified staff member.

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150010404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInfants living in an orphanage (n = 22) in Romania were assessed on the Test of Sensory Functions in Infants (TSFI). Testing of the institutionalized infants was done before and 6 months after an enriched caregiver intervention program. Results showed significant changes in areas of reactivity to tactile deep pressure, visual‐tactile integration, oculomotor control, reactivity to vestibular stimulation and total test responses. No significant changes occurred in the area of adaptive motor functions. Effects of sensory deprivation resulting from institutional settings and changes that can occur from enriched caregiver environments are discusse

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150010405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe broad definition of occupational therapy, its holistic basis and its unifying characteristics enable occupational therapists to treat their clients as whole human beings. Yet, the holistic basis of occupational therapy and the divergence of its specialty areas seem to be polarised. This study explores Israeli occupational therapists' perceptions of their professional role and boundaries, and how it is affected by professional background; 265 Israeli occupational therapists participated in the study. A two‐part questionnaire was constructed: (1) an attitudinal questionnaire including statements on issues that concern occupational therapists regarding the definition of the profession and its role; (2) nine items representing the main unifying characteristics of occupational therapy. Results indicate seven factors underlying the main issues concerning occupational therapists in Israel. From the seven factors two main sources of tension were revealed: strong sense of self‐value as compared to lack of recognition by others and the advantages and the pitfalls of the holistic definition of occupational therapy. The most unifying characteristic of occupational therapy was the holistic definition, and the least important was the use of arts and crafts. In addition, occupational therapists from developmental disabilities area of specialty were distinct from others in their perceptions of the profess

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150010406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis exploratory investigation examined the validity of using Wilson's format of clinical observations to assess children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Wilson's Clinical Observations format closely follows the original format by Johnson and is based on the work of A. J. Ayres. Forty‐five children 6–9 years of age, including 15 children with DCD, 15 children below average and 15 children average or better in their motor skill performance were assessed using clinical observations. Differences among these three groups of children were significant or approached significance on 19 out of 36 observations. The implications of the findings for using clinical observations to assess children with DCD are discus

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150010407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150010402

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY