摘要:

AbstractAs the health care industry and the occupational therapy profession experience rapid change and growth, our professional preparation and continuing education must prepare graduates and therapists for an evolving practice environment. By exploring and evaluating alternative teaching methods and their impact on educational outcomes, occupational therapy educators demonstrate their commitment to improving the quality of student education. This article proposes that the traditional educational paradigm prepared clinicians for the old health care environment, and that problem‐based learning (PBL) is an educational strategy that could prepare occupational therapists for success in a new practice environment that values cost, quality, and customer satisfaction. The PBL approaches used by various international occupational therapy educators are reviewed to highlight the strategies that have been implemented to achieve educational objectives that parallel the requirements of this new practice environment. Copyright © 1996 Whurr Publishers L

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.29

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTeachers are the main partners of pediatric occupational therapists in special schools. Their understanding of occupational therapy influences the provision of occupational therapy programmes in schools. Two hundred and sixty‐three special school teachers were surveyed about their perception of occupational therapy in four areas: definition of occupational therapy, occupational therapists' clientele, domain of concern, and treatment media. Results showed a poor understanding. The majority of respondents did not recognise the contribution of occupational therapists' in the treatment of children with mental handicap or emotional difficulties. More than half of the respondents knew neither occupational therapists domain of concern nor the treatment media. Occupational therapists were seen to work solely with children with physically disabilities in the aspects of work and home related functions. The best known role of occupational therapists was prescription of aids and equipment. The results indicated that occupational therapists should direct their effort to educate and promote occupational therapy to other professionals and to the public. Copyright © 1996 Whurr Publishers L

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.30

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify the current uses of animal‐facilitated therapy (AFT), in nursing facilities located in Southern California and South Dakota. A mail questionnaire was sent to a random sample of 105 California and 45 South Dakota nursing facility administrators. Selection criteria for Southern California nursing facilities included a geographical location south of 36 degrees latitude, and listing of pet therapy as a facility activity in the Directory of Nursing Homes (1993). South Dakota nursing facilities were randomly selected. A total of 56 nursing facility administrators from South Dakota and California completed the survey resulting in a 40% return rate.The study supported previous research indicating the multiple benefits of AFT. Both California and South Dakota nursing facility administrators identified sensory stimulation, facilitation of resident social interaction, stress reduction, and companionship as the top four therapeutic purposes for using pets and animals in the nursing home. Administrators also identified patient‐therapist interaction, increasing muscle strength and ROM, pain management, reduction of blood pressure and heart rate, increasing responsibility, self‐esteem, and patient independence as therapeutic benefits of pet therapy.Further research is needed in the field of pet therapy to demonstrate the efficacy of AFT. In addition, occupational therapists should become more involved with the use of AFT for treatment purposes. It has been demonstrated that pet therapy can be used with a variety of diagnoses and conditions and for implementing therapeutic goals. It is recommended that occupational therapists participate in research on pet therapy and consider its use in nursing homes with older patients. It is also recommended that the use of pets in therapy be incorporated into occupational therapy curricula. Copyright © 1996 Whurr Publishe

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.31

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess a broad range of cognitive functioning in a dual diagnosis sample (individuals with a chronic psychotic disorder and substance abuse/dependence) and offer recommendations for programme design and treatment interventions. The Neurobehavioural Cognitive Status Examination (NCSE) was administered to twenty‐seven subjects. Statistical comparisons with a normative and psychiatric sample were conducted. The results revealed that two‐thirds of the sample demonstrated cognitive impairments as measured by the NCSE, with 37% scoring in the impaired range on three or more of the ten subtests. Great variability between subjects was recorded. Deficits at the p<0.05 level were recorded for seven of the ten subtests in the young group, and for two of the ten subtests for the old group as compared to a normal population. For both age groups memory and judgement were the most statistically deficient. This study supports assessment of cognitive status for dual diagnosis clients, in order to offer treatment appropriate to varied levels of intellectual functioning and suggest a number of treatment options. Copyright © 1996 Whurr Publishers

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.32

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObjective: to investigate (1) whether differences in occupational therapy practice exist between general and psychiatric care and (2) whether differences in occupational therapy practice exist between general care settings. The four most common settings where occupational therapists work in the Netherlands (nursing homes, rehabilitation centres, general hospitals and psychiatric hospitals) were studied.Method: a total of 143 therapists, working in 49 occupational therapy departments, participated in this study. They collected data on 1051 patients. For each patient a standard registration form, based on the International Classification of Impairments Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH) was filled out. This form contained information about (i) patient characteristics (ii) occupational therapy diagnosis and treatment goals in terms of ICIDH and (iii) treatment characteristics.Results and conclusions: occupational therapy treatment goals and interventions showed clear differences between psychiatric and general care settings. The differences in occupational therapy practice across general care settings were small. Copyright © 1996 Whurr Publishers Ltd

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.33

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.28

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY