ISSN:0269-994X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1985.tb01326.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis article deals with aetiological factors which might explain sex differences in incidence, symptoms, premorbid adjustment, and outcome of schizophrenia. Research on stress raises the question of whether gender‐specific stresses are involved in the development of schizophrenia. A loss of and separation from the same sex parent seem to be associated with psychopathology in general and schizophrenia in particular. Studies of marital status and schizophrenia indicate that the single and widowed status may be more stressful for males than females, but these findings are confounded by selective factors.Higher rates of concordance among women (twins, siblings) suggest that genetic factors are more often involved in the development of schizophrenia in women than men. Since studies of concordance rates are based on chronic hospitalized patients, they deal with biased samples. More recent studies which use consecutive admissions do not reveal sex differences in concord‐ ance. However, they indicate tha: there are more women than men among schizophrenics with schizophrenic siblings regardless of their sex; this would suggest that women are more susceptible to family disturbance than men.Prenatal and postnatal organic insults are found more among psychotic and schizophrenic males than females. Pregnancy and birth complications are also associated with the development of schizophrenia in males rather than females. Research on sex differences in brain lateralization suggests that bilateral representation of language and visuo‐spatial function in females may be protective against schizophrenia. Studies of the galvanic skin response and platelet monoamine oxidase activity suggest that physiological and biochemical factors are related to schizophrenia in males more than females. Although sex hormones are not directly implicated as aetiological factors in schizophrenia, evidence reveals that androgens may increase male vulnerability whereas oestrogens may protect the female against an early schizophrenic brea

ISSN:0269-994X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1985.tb01327.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0269-994X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1985.tb01328.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe present study, aimed at considering body image differences between schizophrenic and normal female adults, used a questionnaire devised for this purpose in an attempt to offer some objective measure of body image problems. The overall results suggest that schizophrenic body images are comparatively poorer than those of normals. This poorness in the body image of schizophrenics is discussed as one of the bases of varied body image distortions and other symptoms observed in schizophrenic patients.

ISSN:0269-994X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1985.tb01329.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0269-994X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1985.tb01330.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAn investigation of speech comprehension in schizophrenic patients is described. Using the Neale Test of Reading Ability subjects are presented with a comprehension task in which information is presented on tape either to the left ear alone, the right ear alone or both ears together. Subjects are scored for correct responses to questions about the presented texts. Significant differences in measures of ear‐difference and laterality quotient were found between two schizophrenic (acute and chronic) and two control (neurotic and normal) groups and significant differences in binaural quotient measures were found between acute schizophrenics and control groups. The results are interpreted in terms of possible abnormalities of interhemispheric integration in schizophreni

ISSN:0269-994X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1985.tb01331.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0269-994X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1985.tb01332.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe results of our longitudinal, prospective research programme to date suggest that, as a first step, peer‐rated aggression and withdrawal constitute a useful broad‐based behavioural index of early problems related to psychopathology. The findings at this point also support our expectation that this index may serve as a fruitful criterion of vulnerability to schizophrenia in adulthood. Finally, as a screening procedure, the assessment method generated by this approach appears to be an effective means by which children in need of treatment or preventive intervention programmes may be identif

ISSN:0269-994X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1985.tb01333.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0269-994X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1985.tb01334.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0269-994X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1985.tb01335.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY