摘要:

Members of the National Association of Purchasing Management were surveyed to study the current level of responsibility, and level of responsibility expected in 1995, for 18 key decision issues in which the purchasing function participates. The issues investigated were:1 Material requirements review2 Specifications development3 Make‐or‐buy analysis4 Materials standardization5 Determination of inventory levels6 Quality requirements determination7 Negotiation of price and terms8 Supplier selection9 Joint problem solving with suppliers10 Supplier monitoring and analysis11 Communication of specification changes12 Productivity/cost improvements13 Development of sourcing strategy14 Market analysis15 Price forecasting16 Long‐range purchasing planning17 Determination of purchasing policy18 Value analysisThe results of the study suggest a transition from individual purchasing responsibility to a team approach on all issues. Thus, the study confirms prior research and practice of a trend toward greater use of teams for management in the future.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1993.tb00007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:2006

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The past few years have seen a definite trend for purchasing organizations to form “partnerships” or “strategic alliances” with a few preferred suppliers. The literature in the field has reinforced this concept by providing numerous examples and research findings investigating these emerging long‐term, cooperative buyer‐supplier relationships. However, the role of the transportation providers serving as the critical linkage between a firm and its suppliers has received little attention. Recent research efforts have shown that “logistics alliances” are gaining in popularity, producing similar potential benefits to those realized in buyer‐supplier partnerships.This article explores the transportation provider's role in buyer‐supplier partnerships and identifies the contributions that such firms have made in attaining the long‐term success of these alliances. The results of a recent CAPS (Center for Advanced Purchasing Studies) study are also presented to show the increased involvement that purchasing managers have in making inbound transportation decisions.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1993.tb00008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:2006

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article presents the results of an experimental examination of the performance of various active and passive approaches to managing foreign exchange risk in international sourcing. The experiment used a simulation methodology which encompassed thousands of sourcing transactions for a selected currency, the Japanese Yen, over a period of several years. Based on the results of this experiment, the authors have delineated a set of guidelines for the management of foreign exchange risk for U.S. firms sourcing overseas and using the Japanese Yen as the currency exchange medium.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1993.tb00009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:2006

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article examines the relationship of the purchasing and design functions in the U.K. defense industry. In particular, it focuses on the role of purchasing and its potential input into the design process. Perhaps the key conclusion of the research is this: With an increasing use by many companies of the concurrent engineering concept, the purchasing function should have greater influence on the design process. For example, as a member of the design team, purchasing should develop a strategy and coordinate the involvement of preferred suppliers in the design process. In the two companies studied, the authors found that the purchasing/design interface existed only at a superficial level, and that purchasing expertise was not being used effectively in the design process. As these companies utilized various concurrent engineering techniques, there was an overwhelming emphasis on the importance of design integrity, to which all other considerations, including purchasing, were secondary.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1993.tb00010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:2006

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Purchasing professionals play essential roles in the purchasing decision‐making process, coordinating and guiding all buying team members to achieve the best performance of the group as a whole. This research project examines ten key purchasing performance measures as viewed by three types of players in the purchasing decision‐making processnamely, purchasing mangers, buyers, and internai customers.A key finding of the study is that the quality of purchased items presently is viewed as the most important measure, and that it should continue to be the most important measure for evaluating purchasing performance in the 1990s. It was also discovered that purchasing managers, buyers, and their internai customers hold different opinions about the measures of on‐time delivery, PO cycle time, accuracy, and professionalism. The purchasing function should evaluate the differences between the three groups with regard to these performance measures in order to effect continuous improvement and the implementation of effective, consistent purchasing strategies.Practicing managers, regardless of the function in which they work, can acquire some useful and practicai insights f rom this study by examining the weights assigned to the ten key purchasing performance measures. The views obtained f rom those participating in this study are very likely applicable in other environments as well. The last section of the study provides data that can be used in a computer program to evaluate purchasing performance.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1993.tb00011.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:2006

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

While globalization has shrunk temporal and spatial gaps between the buyer and the supplier across the world, it often widens the gap between these two parties because of cultural and national differences. Considering this trend, the successful path to international sourcing hinges on a buyer's negotiation strategies that can be used to convert cultural and national differences into positive business opportunities. To help U.S. purchasing professionals foster such strategies, this study empirically examines how globalization of business activities has influenced the way U.S. purchasing professionals conduct negotiations with international suppliers.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1993.tb00012.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:2006

数据来源: WILEY