摘要:

The effect of ethacrynic acid, bumetanide, frusemide, spironolactone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the urinary and faecal excretion of water and electrolytes by ponies was studied. Ethacrynic acid, bumetanide, and frusemide given intravenously, increased urinary sodium excretion, and, excepting frusemide, decreased faecal sodium excretion. Given by stomach tube ethacrynic acid reduced urinary and faecal sodium. Bumetanide, given intravenously, spironolactone, frusemide and ADH increased urinary sodium and all except frusemide intravenously decreased faecal sodium regardless of route of administration. Ethacrynic acid and bumetanide, given by stomach tube or intravenously decreased urinary and faecal potassium excretion, as did spironolactone and frusemide given orally. Ethacrynic acid and bumetanide given orally or intravenously, frusemide given orally and ADH intranasally reduced urinary chloride excretion; these same drugs by the same routes also reduced faecal chloride excretion. Excepting frusemide given intravenously, and ethacrynic acid orally, the effect of the drugs studied was not the same on urinary sodium excretion as on faecal sodium excretion. This suggested that different mechanisms were involved in the control of sodium excretion by the kidney and in the gut. There were similarities in the treatment of potassium and chloride by these organs.

ISSN:0140-7783    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1982.tb00426.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The disposition of chloramphenicol after intramammary and intravenous administration was followed through determinations of chloramphenicol in blood and milk by means of high‐performance differential pulse polarography. The concentration‐time curves obtained reflected the different modes of administration, and allowed calculation of some pharmacokinetic parameters. The results of the polarographic determination in blood agreed fairly well with those of the microbiological assay in serum. Several body fluids and tissues of the cows were examined for residues of chloramphenicol and degradation products, both by the microbiological method and by high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. In urine, chloramphenicol and chloramphenicol glucuronide were found; in the other fluids and tissues only now and then a trace of chloramphenicol or a degradation product was detected. From these results it appears that chloramphenicol and degradation products are eliminated rapidly and completely after intravenous or intrammary application. No accumulation of degradation products occ

ISSN:0140-7783    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1982.tb00427.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of oral chloramphenicol (CHPC) on the development of immune responses to canine distemper virus (CDV) in Beagle pups was studied. Dogs were treated with CHPC for 14 days at a dose of 50 mg/kg, three times a day. Hematologic changes in CHPC‐treated dogs included: polychromasia, anisocytosis, and target cell formation of red blood cells concurrent with vacuolation of lymphocytes and basophilic granule formation in neutrophils. Dogs given this therapy showed normalin vivoandin vitroimmune responses after CDV vaccination and survived a virulent CDV challenge, whereas untreated, unvaccinated dogs became ill or died after challenge exposure. The results of this study indicate that CHPC therapy does not interfere with either the prechallenge immune response to attenuated viral antigen or the efficient immune mechanisms invoked during virulent virus challeng

ISSN:0140-7783    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1982.tb00428.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Metaldehyde when administered orally to mice at a dose of 1 g kg‐1produced convulsions and death within 2 h. Brain concentrations of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) were significantly reduced and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity significantly increased in these animals relative to controls. Treatment with either intraperitoneal diazepam or clonidine 20 min after administration of metaldehyde delayed the onset of toxic symptoms and reduced the mortality rate. In those mice which survived longer than 5 h, brain concentrations of GABA, though still not restored to control values, were significantly higher than those in the mice which died. Clonidine, unlike diazepam, also inhibited the increase in brain MAO acti

ISSN:0140-7783    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1982.tb00429.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Goat ruminal strips reacted with an increase in smooth muscle tone after exposure to apomorphine. This rise in tone could be blocked by domperidone, but not by naltrexone.In vivo, both dopamine and apomorphine caused inhibition of extrinsic ruminal contractions. These effects were completely prevented by domperidone pretreatment, whereas naltrexone was not an effective antagonist. These results suggest that apomorphine‐induced inhibition of rumen motility is due to DA‐receptor activation. The exact location of these DA‐receptors remains to be deter

ISSN:0140-7783    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1982.tb00430.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0140-7783    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1982.tb00431.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0140-7783    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1982.tb00432.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0140-7783    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1982.tb00433.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0140-7783    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1982.tb00434.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0140-7783    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1982.tb00435.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY