ISSN:0020-6024    

DOI:10.1080/02626666309493331

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The concentration of Ra226in water from the Cambrian, Ordovician and Silurian-Devonian aquifers has been determined in a large number of samples from the northern half of Illinois. From these, the iso-concentration lines have been established for each formation. In the Cambrian and Ordovician aquifers, the radium content of the water is correlated with the regional piezometric surface, being low at the area of recharge and slowly increasing down the hydraluic gradient. A smoothly curving profile is obtained in all areas except where extremely heavy pumpage has occured. In addition, a rapid increase in radium concentration is observed where these formations are overlain by the Pennsylvanian.

ISSN:0020-6024    

DOI:10.1080/02626666309493332

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The number of sub-basins of any given area (a), within any given basin or region of area (A) is well approximated by the formula

ISSN:0020-6024    

DOI:10.1080/02626666309493333

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The solubility of manganese in natural water is strongly influenced bychemical equilibria involving Mn+2, Mn+3and Mn+4species, redox potential, pH, and dissolved species of bicarbonate and sulfate. The solubility of manganese is shown by graphs as a function of Eh and pH in the absence of sulfate and in the presence of several different fixed activities of bicarbonate and sulfate ranging from 10 to 2,000 ppm (parts per million). Solubility is increased by the complexes MnHCO+3and MnSO4aq. whose association constants are 63 and 190, respectively.

ISSN:0020-6024    

DOI:10.1080/02626666309493334

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A method is suggested whereby two or more watersheds may be calibrated for hydrologic studies within a period of 2 to 3 years. The method is based on comparative reactions of the watersheds to the same storm. The comparison is made by regression analysis; the reaction is measured in two ways: (1) by noting the change in stage or flow in each watershed from the time each hydrograph starts rising until it reaches its peak, and (2) by noting the elapsed time for the period of hydrograph rise. Since in any one year the number of storms may be rather large and the size of storms quite varied, the technique yields a regression line with a standard error of great precision and capable of being used to detect even small differences resulting from minor treatments. The technique is illustrated by an example in which increases in streamflow are caused primarily by rainfall and is used to detect hydrologic effects of road construction in a watershed.

ISSN:0020-6024    

DOI:10.1080/02626666309493335

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The departure of ground water from equilibrium with calcite is being studied in central Florida. Measurements of pH, temperature, and concentration of bicarbonate made in the field are used with standard laboratory analyses of water samples to calculate an ion activity product (Kiap) for calcium carbonate. The calculated Kiap is compared with the equilibrium constant (Keq) for calcite to determine the departure from equilibrium. The calcium concentration is lowest in the area of the highest piezometric surface. Some of the highest concentrations of bicarbonate are in the area of low calcium. In about half of the area of study, the water is undersaturated with respect to calcite. This indicates that solution of limestone can occur several hundred feet below the water table.

ISSN:0020-6024    

DOI:10.1080/02626666309493336

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper presents a method for the geologic assessment of the distribution, shape, and character of heterogeneity for reservoir studies. The goals of a supporting lithological study would ordinarily be (1) to subdivide the test reservoir into gross units each of which has a characteristic lithology significant to the performance of the reservoir, and (2) to describe the physical relationships of these gross units so that workable analogs of the reservoir can be constructed.

ISSN:0020-6024    

DOI:10.1080/02626666309493337

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Valencia Lake, in northern Venezuela, and its tributary area (the catchment is approximately seven times larger than the lake which has an area of about 350 km2) are completely isolated from any river system or sea. The lake is about 400 m above sea level, and the adjacent ranges are up to 2,000 m higher. Observations of the fluctuations of the lake level since 1901 exist (with sporadic data since 1700), along with data on rainfall in the watershed and near the lake for the same period of time. Since 1939, 21 mostly small, tributary rivers have been hydrologically controlled. Evaporation (class A pan) has been observed also during this time. Since the tributary Rivers dry out for severall months each year, the lake descends as a function of its evaporation and serves as a large evaporation pan. The mean annual value is about 2,000 mm. By balancing losses (evaporation) against gains (runoff plus direct rain on the lake) a “hydrological pattern” was developed for the 61 years of fluctuation record; it was rechecked the last 22 years using the additional data. Yearly percentages as a function of the average were calculated.

ISSN:0020-6024    

DOI:10.1080/02626666309493338

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the Southwestern intermountain and high plains areas, precipitation is seasonal, with the major part of the rainfall occurring in the summer. Most winter precipitation occurs as low-intensity rain or snow along slow-moving cold fronts. Most summer precipitation occurs as short-duration, high-intensity thunderstorms from purely convective buildup or from convective cells developing along a weak fast-moving cold front. Almost all runoff occurs from the summer convective storms.

ISSN:0020-6024    

DOI:10.1080/02626666309493339

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An analogy with entropy production in steady-state systems leads to a statement that the geometry of natural waterways is governed by two opposing influences: a) equal work per unit of area of bed, and b) minimum work done in the system as a whole. The resulting calculations applied to shallow, estuaries are verified by field measurements.

ISSN:0020-6024    

DOI:10.1080/02626666309493340

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor