摘要:

AbstractRacemic propylene oxide (d,l‐PO) was polymerized by the catalyst which was the reaction mixture from the partial hydrolysis of the FeCl3–PO complex carried out in the presence of d‐bornyl ethyl ether (d‐BEE). The unreacted monomer recovered from the polymerization system was shown to be optically active, the concentration of l‐monomer preponderated over that of d‐monomer. The polymer product, however, was of no optical activity although it contained a considerable amount of isotactic crystalline part. In another separate experiment,d,l‐PO was added to theasymm.catalyst system at a lower temperature where no polymerization occurred and the monomer was recovered by distillation under reduced pressure at —20°C. Triethylamine was added to the residue and volatile material was distilled again. By optical activity measurement, the PO fraction of the first distillate (before amine addition) was shown to be rich in l‐monomer and that of the second distillate (after amine addition) was rich in d‐monomer. Thus it has been shown that d‐monomer is predominant over l‐monomer both in adsorption and in polymerization. A kinetic consideration showed that thed/lratio in the adsorbed monomer agreed with that of the consumption rate in polymerization. These findings lead us to the conclusion that the propagation reaction of polymerization consists of two steps, adsorption (coordination) and ring opening steps, and that the unequality in polymerization rate between d‐ and l‐monomers is controlled chiefly by the adsorption step. The formation of crystalline polymer of no optical activity from theasymm. consump

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1965.020810111

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe polymerization of 1‐methylenecyclohexene‐2 was tried by using various catalysts. Cationic catalysts of metal halides and some ZIEGLER‐type catalysts induced the polymerization while anionic and free radical initiators did not. The IR‐spectra of the polymers obtained by cationic catalysts and by ZIEGLER‐type catalysts were similar to each other. IR‐ and NMR‐analyses showed that they consist mainly of the following u

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1965.020810112

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPreparation of a species which was assumed to resemble partly the AlEt3—H2O system was tried by the reaction between oxyaluminum chloride and AlEt3. The product of this reaction as well as oxyaluminum halides were examined in the catalytic activity for the polymerization of three‐, four‐ and five‐membered cyclic ethers and of vinyl monomers such as styrene, α‐methylstyrene, andi‐butyl vinyl ether. In the reaction of AlOCl with AlEt3, most chlorine atoms were replaced by ethyl groups and a soluble product was formed which we called oxyaluminum ethyl, AlOEt. These oxyaluminum compounds, AlOCl, AlOBr, AlOI, and AlOEt, induced the polymerizations of vinyl monomers with or withoutt‐butyl chloride cocatalyst and a mechanism of cationic polymerization was proposed. The polymerizations ofi‐butyl vinyl ether carried out in toluene with AlOCl, AlOBr or AlOEt catalysts gave crystalline isotactic polymers. The polymerizations of 3,3‐bis(chloromethyl)oxacyclobutane and tetrahydrofuran were also induced by oxyaluminum compound—alkylene oxide systems. By oxyaluminum catalysts and by the binary systems of oxyaluminum compound and metal alkyl, alkylene oxides such as propylene oxide and epichlorohydrin were polymerized to give a product containing fairly amount of acetone‐inso

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1965.020810113

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAus 2,4,6‐Trichlor‐s‐triazin (Cyanurchlorid) und Poly‐p‐hydroxystyrol oder Poly‐p‐bzw. ‐m‐aminostyrol wurden Polymere mit Dichlor‐s‐triazin‐Gruppen erhalten. Die entsprechenden Monomeren (I—III) sowie das Methacrylsäurederivat V wurden dargestellt und deren Polymerisationsfähigkeit untersucht. —Reaktionen der synthetisierten

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1965.020810114

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstractm‐ andp‐sulfobenzoates of cellulose derivatives can be prepared by reaction ofm‐ or p‐halogenosulfonyl benzoic acid with cellulose derivatives in pyridine medium.The structure of the obtained products has been confirmed by infrared spectra. The degree of substitution (DS) on sulfobenzoates has been determined by potentiometric titration and microa

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1965.020810115

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPolyurethanes, polyureas, polycarbodiimide, and polyamines containing cyclopropane ring in the main chains wre prepared, using 1,2‐cyclopropane diisocyanate, 1,2‐diaminocyclopropane, 1,2‐cyclopropan‐diacyclisocyanat, 1,2‐disaminomethyl‐cyclopropane, or 1,2‐bisiodomethyl‐cyclopropane as one component, Polyurethanes and polyureas were prepared by usual methods. Polycarbodiimide was synthesized according to the method of CAMPBELL, where 1‐ethyl‐3‐methyl‐3‐phospholene oxide was used as polymerization catalyst. Polyamines were obtained by applying the novel method which was reported by KLEBE. Some polymers and their films showed good

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1965.020810116

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA virtually monodisperse polystyrene (M̄w/M̄n= 1.06) was prepared by use of a novel initiator, α‐phenylethylpotassium. The chain structure of this polystyrene when terminated with a proton contained no foreign functional end‐groups, except hydrogen atoms at both ends.The chain structure was, therefore, “ideal” since the initiating groups was actually one segment of the repeating sequence. A virtually monodisperse polystyrene tetrafunctional star molecule (M̄w/M̄n= 1.05) also was made by coupling of the polystyrylpotassium with 1,2,4,5‐tetrachloromethylbenzene. This reaction proceeded smoothly to completion as evidence by stoichiometry, ultracentrifuge, and frac

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1965.020810117

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHomogeneous catalytic systems for the polymerization of propylene both to syndiotactic and amorphous polymers, based on soluble vanadium compounds and organometallic compounds of aluminium, were investigated by EPR analysis at different temperatures. It was shown that the vanadium in the catalytic complex has a valence state of 3.

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1965.020810118

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe C.E.D.'s of methyl, ethyl, butyl, and isobutyl methacrylates have been estimated from their solution viscosity measurements in a number of alkyl ester solvents,4,5. The solubility parameters obtained, (9.40, 9.15, 9.00, and 8.65) for the above polymers, suggest that C.E.D.'s of polymethacrylates are less than those of polyacrylates and in the homologous series, the C.E.D. decreases with increases in the length of the alcoholic chain.

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1965.020810119

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPreparation, polymerization, and copolymerization of the new monomers, N‐p‐β‐chloroethylaminosulfonylbenzeneacrylamide (II) and N‐p‐β‐chloroethylaminosulfonylbenzenemethacrylamide (III), were investigated. β‐Chloroethylaminosulfonyl groups was found to be a useful function for the reactive fiber in the points of both physical properties and reactivity. Pyridine showed an excellent effect on the reaction of th

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1965.020810120

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY