摘要:

AbstractThe polymerization of methyl methacrylate (5) in the presence of the system ethylaluminium dichloride (2)—p‐chloranil (1) was found to proceed much easier than in the presence of only2. The polymerization is initiated by ethyl radicals resulting from the reaction of2with1. The effects of mole ratio of reactants, temperature, and reaction time on the polymerization yield and intrinsic viscosity of the polymer was studied and the results are discus

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1978.021790201

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe copolymerizations of acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate with propylene, isobutylene, butadiene, styrene, and vinyl chloride and the copolymerizations of methacrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate with propylene in the presence of ethylaluminium dichloride as the complexing agent were studied. When the polar vinyl monomer is not completely complexed by ethylaluminium dichloride in the copolymerizations of acrylonitrile with propylene, isobutylene, and vinyl chloride, and in those of methacrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate with propylene, copolymers rich in polar vinyl monomer were found. In the copolymerization of acrylonitrile with propylene, the polar vinyl monomer content in the copolymer was found to increase with decreasing mole ratio ethylaluminium dichloride/acrylonitrile in the monomer feed. In the copolymerizations of acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate with butadiene and styrene and of methyl acrylate with propylene, isobutylene, and vinyl chloride, copolymers of approximately 1:1 composition are formed. The reactivity of monomers is discussed. The introduction of VOCl3to the polymerization systems studied was found to cause an enhancement in the copolymerization yield and a decrease of the copolymer intrinsic viscosity; it has not, however, a significant influence on the copolymer composition.

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1978.021790202

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAqueous polymerization of acrylamide, initiated by the potassium persulfate‐thioglycolic acid redox pair, was studied at 30°C under introgen. The initial rate of polymerizationRwas found to be approximately proportional to the 0,5th power of potassium persulfate concentration within the range of 0,6 to 1,0 mmol−1.Rwas also found to vary linearly with the monomer concentration between 0,8 · 10−1and 1,0·10−1mol l−1and to increase with the thioglycolic acid concentration in the interval of 3,0 to 4,0 mmol l−1. The activation energy was estimated to be 126 kJ mol−1. Addition ot NaCl, NaF, and (CH3)4NI lowered the initial rateRwhile MnSO4increased it. Some aliphatic alcohols were observed to be polymeri

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1978.021790203

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe coupling of glucose and maltooligomers by hydrazone linkage to carriers by means of acid hydrazide groups was investigated. The following carriers were used: (1) linear polymers such as (a) poly(ethylene glycol) with carboxymethyl (CM) end groups, (b) CM‐amylose and CM‐cellulose, 6‐COOH amylose and 6‐COOH cellulose, pectic acid, alginic acid, poly(acrylic acid); (2) multifunctional centers such as (c) CM‐cyclodextrin, 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylic acid, 1,3,4,5‐benzenetetracarboxylic acid, crosslinked poly(acrylamide) (BIO‐GEL). The hydrazone linkage which is formed preferably in borate buffer at pH 8,5 was stable above pH 6 and could be split by mild acid treatment at pH 4. Maltooligomeric grafts of degree of polymerization DP ≧ 4 may be extended enzymatically by phosphorolytic synthesis to amylose chains of variable length. Primer activity of the bound maltooligomers for phosphorylase was obviously not hindered by the hydrazone linkage, by free hydrazide groups, or by synthetic polymers as carriers. ABA‐Block copolymers may be derived from(a), comb‐like molecules from (b), and different kinds of star‐

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1978.021790204

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractN‐(3‐Vinylphenyl)‐2,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐methylbenzamide (3) was synthesized. By copolymerization of3and ofN‐(2,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐methylphenyl)‐4‐vinylbenzamide, respectively, with 4‐vinylpyridine and 1,4‐divinylbenzene protected redox resins were obtained. By removal of the protective groups the corresponding free redox resins were obtained. Their chemical stability and redox capacities were investigated. The influence of the anilinocarbonyl group on the midpoint potential of the hydroquinone/quinone system was studied on the model compoundN‐phenyl‐

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1978.021790205

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract1‐(1‐Cyclohexenyl)vinyl acetate (1c) was polymerized in bulk under radical conditions. The homopolymers consist only of 1,4‐units (4) which can be hydrolysed into δ‐polyketone. Reactivity ratios in radical copolymerization with styrene and acrylic comonomers were determined. The photochemical degradation of the copolymer with styrene was studied in

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1978.021790206

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInsulin bound on a polymer carrier has been prepared by a reaction of insulin with the copolymer ofN‐(2‐hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide andN‐methacryloyldiglycylp‐nitrophenyl ester. The product isolated by gel chromatography contains ca. 60 wt.‐% of insulin. It preserves ca. 10% of the radioimmunoreactivity of the starting insulin, and in biological tests exhibits a slowed‐down onset and a slight prolongation of the hypoglyca

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1978.021790207

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of temperature, initiator and activator concentrations, and their mole ratios on the yield of the anionic polymerization of 2‐pyrrolidone and on the molecular weight of the resulting polymer were investigated. Potassiumtert‐butoxide was used as the polymerization initiator, andN‐benzoylpyrrolidone as the activator. Optimum polymerization conditions were determined with the help of statistical planning of the experiments with the orthogonal composite design m

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1978.021790208

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe non‐activated polymerization of 2‐pyrrolidone initiated with potassiumtert‐butoxide (conc. range 0,24–4,97 mole‐%) was studied at 40°C. In accordance with theory, the conversion increases linearly with polymerization time and with initiator concentration. The linear dependence on conversion of the content of basic groups in the polymer and, above all, of the number of polymer molecules, and its independence on the initiator concentration up to 30% conversion indicate that a stationary state between formation and destruction of growth centres is very rapid

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1978.021790209

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect oftert‐butyl alcohol, lower alcohols, and water on the non‐activated polymerization of 2‐pyrrolidone initiated with potassiumtert‐butoxide at 40°C was investigated. It was proved that the alcoholytic activity of alcohols decreased with the steric hindrance of the hydroxyl group; the effect of water is distinctly more pr

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1978.021790210

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY