摘要:

AbstractA series ofN‐(2‐hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers containing different oligopeptide side‐chains terminated in an alkylating anticancer agent‐sarcolysin isopropyl ester (SL‐OiP) and occasionally fucosylamine were synthetized. In the first step reactive polymeric precursors were prepared by radical precipitation copolymerization of HPMA withp‐nitrophenyl esters ofN‐methacryloylated dipeptides (Gly‐Phe or Gly‐Leu). In the second step the former were aminolyzed with a dipeptide or amino acid derivatives of SL‐OiP, thus forming tripeptide or tetrapeptide side‐chains terminated in SL‐OiP. Two of the polymers synthetized contained also fucosylamine as the terminal moiety, which was introduced as a targeting moiety, able to interact with fucose‐specific membrane receptors of mouse leukaemia L 1210 cells. These polymers were synthetized by consecutive aminolysis of reactive polymeric precursors with fucosylamine and SL‐OiP derivatives. To test the influence of the oligopeptide side‐chain structure on the rate of drug release, the polymers synthetized were incubated with a mixture of lysosomal enzymes isolated from rat liver (tritosomes) and with cathepsin B. The relationship between the structure of polymer bound anticancer drugs and their biological activity was determinedin vitroby their effect on the growth of mouse leukaemia L 1210 cells and human lymphoblastoid leukaemia (CCRF) cells. The results demonstrate the potential of these compounds as new types of

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1987.021881101

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe polymerization of sodium 10‐undecenoate (UA‐Na) under irradiation of UV light was found to proceed effectively in a certain concentration range of UA‐Na. Based on the viscosity behavior of UA‐Na aqueous solutions, the effective polymerization is related to the formation of a specific type of micelle, which enhances the rate of chain propagation by localization of the double bonds of UA‐Na molecules within the micelle core. Weight‐average (M̄w) and number‐average (M̄n) molecular weights of the polymer are in the ranges of 3400–1900 and 2350–1300, respectively, depending on the concentration of UA‐Na in the polymerization system. Distribution of the molecular weight of poly(UA‐Na) is rather narrow for a radical polymerization (M̄w/M̄n≈ 1,4). It was found that the maximum amount of benzene soluble in the aqueous solution of poly(UA‐Na) is smaller than in the aqueous solution of UA‐Na, and that poly(UA‐Na) can solubilize benzene

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1987.021881102

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNew polysulfide polymers were prepared by a new process from vinyl monomers, elemental sulfur, and sodium metal in THF. The kinetic study of the reactions at −40°C has shown that the overall process can be described by the competition between a slow reaction (initiation of the monomer by the alkali metal) and a fast reaction (deactivation of the carbanion formed by elemental sulfur). These reactions lead to the establishment of a carbanion stationary state. From this data, the orders of magnitude of the apparent deactivation rates of the different carbanions were obtained: ca. 1051·mol−1·s−1for the styrene carbanion and 103–1041·mol−1·s−1for the but

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1987.021881103

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract2‐(9‐Carbazolyl)ethyl vinyl ether (1), a known vinyl monomer, was synthesized using a phasetransfer catalyst, and homopolymerized with BF3OEt2or EtAlCl2.2‐(9‐Carbazolyl)ethyl 1‐propenyl ether (2) was synthesized by transetherification of ethyl 1‐propenyl ether with 9‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)carbazole in a yield of 34% as a mixture of 49%cisand 51%transisomer. It was homopolymerized in 90% yield with EtAlCl2in toluene at −25°C. Copolymerization of1or2with ethyl vinyl ether (3) were initiated with BF3OEt2or EtAlCl2. The yields of copolymers were 78–93%, depending on the polymerization conditions. The solubility of both homo‐ and copolymers was found to be poor. The glass transition temperatures of poly(1‐co‐3) and poly(2‐co‐3) are much lower, tha

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1987.021881104

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCopolymers containing acetylene and pentenamer units were synthesized by sequential addition of cyclopentene and then acetylene to an active metathesis catalyst system. The formation of block copolymers was indicated by UV‐vis spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography and infra‐red spectrosc

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1987.021881105

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStar shaped block copolymers with two arms of polystyrene (PS) blocks and two arms of poly(oxyethylene) (PEO) blocks were synthesized by coupling living PS anions first and then living PEO anions, using SiCl4as the coupling agent, while the star shaped block copolymers with two arms of PS blocks and one arm of PEO block were prepared by using CH3SiCl3as the coupling agent. The products were purified by extractions, and the purified copolymers were characterized by GPC, IR,1H NMR and torsional braid analysis. The crystalline, emulsifying and complexing properties and also the phase transfer catalytic effect of the star shaped block copolymers were studied.

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1987.021881106

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChloroprene rubber (CR) was allowed to react with 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) and then cured by soaking in hot water. The moisture‐cured rubber showed a network‐chain density of 3,6·10−4mol·cm−3and a tensile strength at break of 10 MPa. The reaction of CR with APS was found to be a Menshutkin reaction. The activation energy and the frequency factor were 59 kJ·mol−1and 4,3·104l·mol−1

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1987.021881107

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMechanism and kinetics of the reactions ofN‐(2,3‐epoxypropyl)‐N‐methylaniline (1) with aniline or 4,4′‐sulfonyldianiline (3) were investigated using high performance liquid chromatography and13C FT NMR under different conditions (110–172°C). Comparison of1with its derivatives shows that the activity of the 2,3‐epoxypropyl group in such epoxides depends on the structure and the substituents at the benzene ring; etherification may occur already before the secondary a

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1987.021881108

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe monomer composition and sequence distribution in ethylene‐propylene copolymers (EPCs) obtained with supported titanium/magnesium (TMC) and vanadium/magnesium (VMC) catalysts as well as with titanium trichloride was studied by means of13C NMR spectroscopy. Based on these data ethylene‐propylene reactivity ratios were determined. The EPCs obtained on these catalysts are inhomogeneous in composition; the soluble fractions contain larger amounts of propylene. The microstructures of copolymers obtained on TMCs and TiCl3are similar. For EPCs obtained on VMCs, propylene “head‐to‐head” or “tail‐to‐tail” inversions and a more homogeneous distribution of pro

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1987.021881109

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe polymerization ofendo‐dicyclopentadieneSystematic name ofendo‐dicyclopentadiene is: tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]deca‐3,8‐diene.(endo‐DCP) by the metathesis catalyst ReCl5/(CH3)4Sn gave a substantial yield of a linear polymer with high molecular weight and high content of cis double bonds. The kinetics of the early stage of the reaction was studied by calorimetry. The polymerization proceeds via an oligomerization reaction followed by the formation of polymers. A mechanistic scheme is proposed to explain the generation of the primary active species and the two‐step polymerizat

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1987.021881110

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY