ISSN:0931-5985    

DOI:10.1002/lipi.19970991202

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1997

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDie Technologie zur Herstellung von Pflanzenölmethylester als Dieselkraftstoffsubstitut bzw. Dieselkraftstoffbeimischung hat sich in den letzten zehn Jahren stark entwickelt. In einer Übersicht werden nach einer kurzen Einführung in die Grundlagen verschiedene Verfahrenskonzepte (Klein‐/Großanlagen) und Prozeßführungsstrategien abhängig von der verfügbaren Ölqualität vorgestellt. Anhand von in der Literatur vorliegenden Daten wird auch der Versuch einer Bewertung

ISSN:0931-5985    

DOI:10.1002/lipi.19970991203

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1997

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe analysis of free fatty acids (FFA) and diacylglycerols (DG) by GLC may be used to detect the deacidification of oils. Free fatty acids are removed from the oil during neutralization or physical refining, while the corresponding DG remain in the oil. This will change the ratio of FFA to DG. For analysis, oils with tricaprin as internal standard are silylated and injected on‐column onto a short high‐temperature capillary column. Extracted oils showed higher amounts of FFA and DG than pressed oils from the same batch of seeds. There are only minor changes in the ratio of FFA to DG according to the yield of pressing or due to washing the

ISSN:0931-5985    

DOI:10.1002/lipi.19970991204

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1997

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn aqueous‐enzymatic extraction process of plum kernel oil was investigated on a laboratory scale, varying several processing parameters, with main emphasis on the oil yield. Efficient recovery of oil was related to three operations: pretreatment, enzymatic reaction and separation of oil. Maximum oil yield of about 70% (estimated by theSoxhletmethod) was obtained at an enzyme concentration of 0.5%, extraction temperature of 45°C, pH 4.5, treatment time of 1 h and dilution ratio of 1:4. The aqueous‐enzymatic extraction did not have any determining effect on the fatty acid composition, tocopherol composition, iodine value and saponification value. The free fatty acid content was higher, while the phosphatide content and peroxide value were lower in the oil extracted by the aqueous‐enzymatic process as compared to theSoxhletextracted s

ISSN:0931-5985    

DOI:10.1002/lipi.19970991205

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1997

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of 4% fat either rich in medium‐chain fatty acids (MCFA; saturated fat) or in polyenoic fatty acids (PUFA; unsaturated fat) isoenergetically exchanging carbohydrates of a low‐fat diet (control) on performance and product quality were evaluated with 180 growing pigs. Growth, carcass and meat quality were not affected by the fat treatments. Although elevated in blood serum, cholesterol was not increased in belly meat when the MCFA‐rich diet was fed. Fatty acid composition of backfat reflected dietary fat composition. The significantly lowest shelf life and melting temperatures were found with the unsaturated‐fat diet. When compared with control, fat tissue PUFA contents were slightly higher in the saturated‐fat diet, and fat melting temperatures were somewhat lower. In contrast, the use of this MCFA‐enriched diet increased penetrometer firmness in pure 4°C temperated backfat by more than 50% as compared with control and to about the tenfold level of the firmness obtained in the unsaturated‐fat diet. Impression of flavour and odor in lean and fatty meat were not systematically affected by the diets. The present results show a high potential of MCFA‐enriched diets to selectively increase fat firmness in pigs without greater undesired side effects on other traits of

ISSN:0931-5985    

DOI:10.1002/lipi.19970991206

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1997

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of the study was to quantify the differences in meat and fat quality and lipid metabolism of pigs with either high or medium capacity for lipid accretion. A total of 58 castrated males of the breeds German Saddle Back (SB) and German Landrace (DL) were included in the experiment. Animals were housed individually and fed twice daily semi ad libitum. Saddle Back pigs indicated a lower lean meat content (41.4% vs 52.6%) and a higher fat percentage (40.9% vs 28.2%) in comparison to DL as a result of high lipid accumulation. The larger fat content of SB was related to an increased intramuscular fat concentration of longissimus muscle. A significant correlation between intramuscular fat content and fatty acid composition was estimated in both breeds. The relative concentration of saturated fatty acids was significantly increased in SB pigs. The percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids (8.3%) in SB muscle fat was significantly lower than in DL muscle fat (10.7%). Thede novobiosynthesis of fatty acids resulted in mostly saturated fatty acids and oleic acid. The higher activities of lipogenetic enzymes in backfat of SB proved a higher lipogenetic capacity. There were no significant differences in meat quality traits of longissimus muscle between the two breeds.

ISSN:0931-5985    

DOI:10.1002/lipi.19970991207

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1997

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDer „Gemeinschaftsausschuß für die Analytik von Fetten, Ölen, Fettprodukten, verwandten Stoffen und Rohstoffen (GAFett)”︁ hat aufgrund von Einsprüchen die DGF‐Einheitsmethode C‐VI 6a — Teil 1 zur Bestimmung der Peroxidzahl (POZ) nach Wheeler [veröffentlicht in Fett/Lipid99(1997), 194–196] überarbeitet.Da es sich um wesentliche Änderungen der Methode handelt, sind die neuen bzw. korrigierten Abschnitte nachfolgend zusammengestellt. Die Angabe der POZ erfolgt nun wieder in mmol O2/kg oder meq O2/kg Fett anstelle von mVal O2/kg.Die in der Fassung von 1984 enthaltene „Methode nach Sully”︁ wird demnächst als C‐VI 6a

ISSN:0931-5985    

DOI:10.1002/lipi.19970991208

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1997

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0931-5985    

DOI:10.1002/lipi.19970991210

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1997

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0931-5985    

DOI:10.1002/lipi.19970991211

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1997

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0931-5985    

DOI:10.1002/lipi.19970991212

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1997

数据来源: WILEY