摘要:

Spatial development planning in developing economies has created the need for analytical frameworks that are capable of providing assessment of alternative strategies. This paper reports on the methods used to construct a set of interregional input‐output tables for a five‐region division of Indonesia under conditions of limited information for 1980 and 1985. The tables were constructed as a prelude to the development of a comparable set of interregional social accounts and the eventual construction of an interregional computable general equilibrium model. The structure of the Indonesian economy is explored and described; the fine structure is revealed through an examination of the fields of influence of some of the analytically important coefficients. Finally, a brief examination of the use of the model in an export promotion strategy is reported. The dominant positions of Sumatera and Java are revealed as is the concomitant difficulties attendant upon development strategies that attempt to encourage growth in other regi

ISSN:0917-0553    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-940X.1993.tb00127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Municipal Development Funds (MDFs) have become the preferred means of many donors and, increasingly, national governments for the finance of urban infrastructure. This article assesses their performance and design based on extensive data collection on ten MDFs and recommends changes. MDFs have two overall goals: credit and development. The greatest appeal of MDFs as credit providers is that they can wholesale funds for a wide variety of small urban infrastructure project to many local governments. However, they have largely failed to move toward market principles, and, too often, have succeeded in building infrastructure without strategically promoting local development. In this context, donors have focus sed on gearing MDFs to promoting local development ‐ improving project appraisal, rationalizing the inter‐governmental transfer system, establishing capital budgeting and fiscal planning, distributing funds among regions and municipal‐size categories, and promoting community participation. But MDFs have also produced uneven results in achieving these goals. At bottom, MDFs have failed to connect with local demand. Local governments often have little idea what local people ‐ particularly poor communities ‐ want and need. Not surprisingly, they often fail to accept or repay charges for MDF projects. The best hope for improving MDFs lies in relating these funds closer to local people's preferences. Means to this end include: involving neighborhood associations and households in project selection; relying on project revenues rather than transfers as the main guarantee and source for loan repayment; using commercial financial institutions to underwrite, disburse, and collect loans; and hiring community development staff a

ISSN:0917-0553    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-940X.1993.tb00128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Regional analysts and policy makers have long struggled with problems arising from the uneven development of industrial systems. Most efforts have focused on manufacturing even though the business services sector continues to gain importance as a source of employment. This paper provides rigorous analyses of the regional organization of business services employment growth in the United States and discusses some implications of regionalism for the development of industrial policy. The analyses use chi‐square goodness‐of‐fit tests and spatial statistics to examine regional structure. State‐level employment data in ten business service industries for two periods, 1977–1982 and 1982–1987, are used in the analyses. The results show that although employment growth varies across the United States, it does not exhibit consistent regional organization. Instead, growth is organized more around metropolitan complexes. The lack of regional organization suggests that industrial policy should focus on the urban concentration of growth, telecommunications infrastructure and urban‐r

ISSN:0917-0553    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-940X.1993.tb00129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper presents a time series regression model to estimate annual passenger demand for the State Railway of Thailand (SRT). The model was developed for a time period of 15 years (1974–1988), incorporating such variables as the country's gross domestic product (GDP), SRT passenger fares, competing intercity bus fares, and a dummy variable of the Fifth National Five Year Plan advocating a railway‐favored modal shift policy. This simple but useful model analysis estimated the demand elasticities as: 0.907 with respect to real GDP; ‐0.970 with respect to real SRT fare; and 0.808 with respect to real bus fare. Remarkable manufacturing‐oriented economic development of Thailand in recent years played an important part in recent SRT demand increases. As the relatively high own and cross fare elasticity estimates imply, the SRT is concerned about demand loss to competing intercity bus services, and has thus been keeping fare levels low. The model analysis also estimated a demand gain of 12.3% due to the modal shift policy during the Fifth Plan period, suggesting effectiveness of the

ISSN:0917-0553    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-940X.1993.tb00130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reviews and empirically examines the effectiveness of the Israeli government's declared policy to induce the location of high technology industries in developing regions. The first section of the paper reviews the literature on high technology industry location. The second section presents the findings from the analyses of a sample of 53 high technology Israeli firms in regard to their critical locational determinants. The findings corroborate the results reported in other similar studies. High technology industries, primarily those engaged in research and development, appear to favor the large urban concentrations, where agglomeration economies, large pools of skilled workers and high quality educational and cultural facilities exist. High technology firms which choose to locate in peripheral regions engage primarily in production activities and employ larger proportions of unskilled and semi‐skilled labor. The average size of these firms is greater than their counterparts, firms located in and around urban concentration

ISSN:0917-0553    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-940X.1993.tb00131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0917-0553    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-940X.1993.tb00132.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY