ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198705953

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198706061

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe clinical success of cisplatin (cis‐diamminedichloroplatinum(II)) in antitumor chemotherapy has encouraged an all‐out search for analogues with lower toxicity, improved therapeutic index and increased activity. Literally thousands of analogues, obtained by replacement of the ammine‐ and chloro‐ligands by other amines and anionic ligands, respectively, have been systematically screened for activity in experimental tumor models. Some of these analogues have been selected for clinical evaluation, but only very few of them appear to be promising antitumor agents. More recently, cisplatin analogues have been designed and synthesized on the basis of, inter alia, the following considerations: 1) platinum complexes with carrier molecules as ligands should prove useful for achieving increasing drug concentration in tumor tissues; 2) platinum complexes with chemotherapeutic agents as ligands could afford polyfunctional drugs with synergistic action; 3) complexes containing more than one platinum atom might be more effective than complexes containing only one platinum atom; 4) platinum complexes could be used as sensitizers in radiation therapy. In this paper, we shall give a brief account of the “traditional” analogues, and then critically discuss what we believe could be the new trends in the design of cisplati

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198706151

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNMR spectroscopy plays an important part in the determination of the structures of organic compounds. The parameters of importance here are the chemical shifts of the1H and13C nuclei and the spin‐spin interactions both between1H nuclei and between1H and13C nuclei. Couplings between13C nuclei were almost completely neglected until a few years ago, since they were extremely difficult to observe because of the low natural abundance of13C. However, it is these couplings which afford information directly on the carbon‐carbon connectivities in the molecule. It is now possible to use a special NMR pulse sequence to make these couplings more readily visible: the result of using this sequence is a13C‐NMR spectrum from which the carbon skeleton concerned can be directly read off. Two‐dimensional spectra in particular are very easy to evaluate. The pulse sequence involved, which bears the somewhat puzzling name INADEQUATE, produces double‐quantum coherences from which the NMR signals of the coupled carbon nuclei can be obtained. In this article the principle of double‐quantum coherence is described and a number of examples for the application of the INADEQUATE pulse sequences to problems in synthetic organic chemistry, biosynthesis and natural products chemistry are presented; in addition, the possibility of applying the INADEQUATE method to other nuclei is

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198706251

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe cleavage of water by solar radiation into dioxygen and metabolically bound hydrogen during photosynthesis is of central importance for the existence of higher forms of life on earth. The realization of this process in biological organisms made possible the use of the earth's huge water reservoir for the exploitation of solar energy and, at the same time, led to the creation of an aerobic atmosphere. The dioxygen thereby formed is a powerful oxidant which permits an energetically highly efficient nutrient turnover. In recent years considerable progress has been made in understanding the functional and structural organization of photosynthetic water splitting. This article attempts to give a review of our current state of knowledge with special emphasis on the oxidation of water to O2in biological systems.

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198706431

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198706611

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198706641

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198706651

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198706661

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198706681

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY