ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.199416771

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAfter significant developments in liquid crystal and polymer research, scientists became interested in lyotropic systems containing polymers. These studies investigated, for instance, phase behavior and stability characteristics of suspensions of colloidal particles containing water‐soluble or surface‐adsorbed polymers or block copolymers. The most frequently studied were micelles, latex prticles, and lipid vesicles (liposomes). Liposomes aggregate and fuse in the presence of hydrophilic polymers but their properties were difficult to explain when block copolymers were adsorbed or surfactants with larger polymeric polar heads were inserted into the liposome membrane, because such systems are inherently ill defined. Liposomes containing diacyl surfactants with covalently linked, longer polymer chains display many new properties with very important consequences for both basic and applied research. They stimulate fundamental studies on phase behavior and polymer conformation, scaling laws, colloidal and surface properties, and cell function: applications deal predominantly with liposomes as drug delivery systems. While in basic research theory is currently more advanced than experiment, in medical applications theoretical understanding lags behind experimental achievements. It was discovered only relatively late that liposomes with an appropriate polymer coating are significantly more stable in a biological milieu, a necessary condition for their utility as drug carriers. In particular in medical applications, this practice has rejuvenated the field of anticancer therapy and targeted drug deliviery. All these advances were made possible by an effective and synergistic overlap of many different discipli

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.199416851

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPeptides and proteins (there is no clear boundary between the two classes of compounds) are absolutely essential components of organisms in many ways. While proteins have biocatalytic functions and are important components of tissues, peptides play an important role in the organism as hormones, neurotransmitters, and neuromodulators. Peptides and their analogues have long been used in medicinal chemistry as therapeutic agents for pathological conditions generally characterized by a disruption of the interplay between messenger molecules or enzyme substrates and their targets, the receptors and enzymes. For various biochemical and biophysical reasons there is an increasing tendency towards the use of chemical “Trojan horses” known as peptidomimetics. The chances that such agents are active generally increase with the magnitude of the “deceptive effect”, in other words in proportion to the degree of conversion of a peptide into a non‐peptide. Rational design has become a catchphrase which is at present applied frequently to the development of peptidomimetics. New computer programs are invaluable tools in such design processes. However, in spite of the many advances already made, we are still far from the final goal, the de novo design of peptidomimetics. Rational design is nonetheless advancing rapidly, and it is already clear that developments in the area of peptidomimetics have given a great boost to peptide chemistry as a whole. This can be expected to continue, so that in future peptide chemistry may be characterized by a type of symbiotic alliance between peptides and non

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.199416991

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.199417211

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.199417231

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.199417261

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.199417291

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.199417311

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.199417331

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.199417341

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY