ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198607673

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChlorinated hydrocarbons are widely used because of their chemical and thermal stability as well as their fungicidal, herbicidal, and insecticidal properties. Unfortunately, it is just this stability that makes the compounds persistent in nature; half‐lives of more than 15 years are not uncommon. In many countries the use of some chlorinated compounds has been prohibited, even though many such compounds (e.g., DDT) exhibit exactly the desired spectrum of effects. Surprisingly, microbiol systems that can degrade most chlorinated hydrocarbons have been found in nature. Indeed, it is possible, in many cases, to isolate pure cultures of bacteria that can utilize these compounds as the sole source of carbon and energy. Even polychlorinated compounds, such as the wood preservative and herbicide pentachlorophenol, can be utilized as a source of carbon by some bacteria. The study of the biodegradation of halogenated hydrocarbons has led to the discovery of novel catabolic pathways in which unusual and previously undescribed enzymatic activities have been detected. Bacterial enzymes have even been isolated that can replace halogen substituents in aliphatic and aromatic compounds with hydroxyl groups or hydrogen atoms. Improved understanding of the biodegradation of halogenated hydrocarbons, as described in this article, will almost certainly result in new biotechnological applications, especially in the area of waste‐water treatm

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198607791

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe remarkable antitumor properties of anthracycline antibiotics have motivated synthetic chemists, and a large number of groups have been active recently in this field. Initially, there was very little hope for this class of substances due to their extreme toxicity. However, the dividing line between toxicity and desired pharmacological effect has broadened to such an extent, partly through microbiological methods (new strains, mutants) and partly through semisynthetic modifications, that today anthracyclines take number one place (over 20% of the market) in the chemotherapy of (human) cancer. The demands made on modern cytostatica are extremely high, as may be seen from the fact that of the more than 600000 drugs tested in animals, only about 40 are in clinical use. In the meantime, some anthracyclines obtained by total synthesis are also in clinical testing. In this review it will hopefully be demonstrated that all those concerned in the chemotherapeutic use of these substances have also contributed to the general progress made in the solution of regio‐ and stereo‐chemical problems of linearly annelated ring syst

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198607901

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198608081

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198608091

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198608101

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198608121

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198608171

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198608181

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.198608191

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY