摘要:

AbstractFluorinated aromatic isocyanates are valuable intermediates for the production of herbicides and insecticides. Unexpected rearrangements during the synthesis of 2‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl isocyanates provide an entry toN‐trifluoromethylaminobenzoyl fluorides, a novel class of compounds having fungicidal properties. Carbamoyl fluorides, the products of HF addition to isocyanates, undergo ready sulfenylation. Use of these intermediates for the synthesis ofN‐sulfenylcarbamate insecticides led to the discovery of the new principle of detoxification of carbamates by sulfenyl

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197707353

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractClCONCO (N‐chlorocarbonyl isocyanate) is prepared in 90% yield by partial hydrolysis of the addition product of phosgene and cyanogen chloride. Many derivatives of the iminocarboxylic acid parent compound can be obtained from this highly reactive species. Both the acid chloride and the isocyanate group are amenable to reactions exhibiting overall selctivity, and this opens the way,inter alia, to a simple preparative synthesis of isocyanates from alcohols, phenols, thiols, and thiophenols. Combination of the two functional groups and their peculiar symmetry, which becomes evident,e.g.in the HCl adduct, facilitates ready cyclization ofN‐chlorocarbonyl isocyanate under very mil

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197707431

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article shows the extent to which the entanglement of threadlike molecules can influence many of the properties of deformable polymers and of solutions of macromolecular substances. Thus, the molecular concept of entanglement leads to quantitative predictions of the dependence of the entanglement number on the nature of the polymer, its concentration, and extension. Experimental values of the relaxation modulus confirm these predictions for melts and solutions. The influence of entanglemnt on relaxation and flow processes leads to very simple relationships for the magnitudes of the structural viscosity and the shear stress at which the structural viscosity starts to become measurable. Osmotic pressures, light scattering intensities, and diffusion coefficients of concentrated solutions can be derived quantitatively from the conformational constraints due to entanglement. Entanglement is effective above a concentration at which the three‐dimensional coils fill the solution volume, and probably also at lower concentrations. At very high concentrations entangled structures may be formed which drastically reduce the number of possible conformations. The swelling and extension behavior of cross‐linked deformable polymers can be understood only if entanglement is taken into acco

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197707511

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhen a small flexible drug molecule binds to its likewise mobile receptor (protein, membraneetc.) the shape and function of both can change. The study of the nature and extent of these changes by several independent methods gives an insight into the mode of action of drugs. The static lock and key model will most probably have to be revised or be replaced by the nebulous concept of dynamic states.

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197707661

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197707772

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197707791

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197707802

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197707811

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197707832

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197707841

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY